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[1]于洪霞,张英华,秦挺鑫,等.考虑人员伤亡的高校宿舍火灾风险评估方法研究*[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2022,18(1):81-86.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2022.01.013]
　YU Hongxia,ZHANG Yinghua,QIN Tingxin,et al.Study on fire risk assessment method of college dormitory considering personnel casualties[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2022,18(1):81-86.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2022.01.013]
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考虑人员伤亡的高校宿舍火灾风险评估方法研究*
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《中国安全生产科学技术》[ISSN:1673-193X/CN:11-5335/TB]

卷:
18
期数:
2022年1期
页码:
81-86
栏目:
职业安全卫生管理与技术
出版日期:
2022-01-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Study on fire risk assessment method of college dormitory considering personnel casualties
文章编号:
1673-193X(2022)-01-0081-06
作者:
于洪霞; 张英华; 秦挺鑫; 王晶晶; 张益; 高玉坤
（1.北京科技大学 金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京 100083；
2.北京科技大学 矿山避险技术研究中心，北京 100083；
3.中国标准化研究院，北京 100191；
4.北京城市系统工程研究中心，北京 100044）
Author(s):
YU Hongxia;  ZHANG Yinghua;  QIN Tingxin;  WANG Jingjing;  ZHANG Yi;  GAO Yukun
(1.Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;
2.Mine Emergency Technology Research Center,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;
3.China National Institute of Standardization,Beijing 100191,China;
4.Beijing Research Center of Urban System Engineering,Beijing 100044,China)
关键词:
高校宿舍火灾; FDS; Pathfinder; 人员疏散; 场景模拟; 伤亡人数
Keywords:
college dormitory fire;  FDS;  Pathfinder;  personnel evacuation;  scene simulation;  number of casualties
分类号:
X932
DOI:
10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2022.01.013
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为提高高校宿舍楼火灾应急疏散效率，以某高校宿舍楼为例，建立可用疏散时间（ASET）概率密度函数的三角分布模型，并利用FDS软件进行火灾模拟，得到函数中各参数值;运用Pathfinder软件对人员疏散进行模拟，得到火灾未疏散人数与时间的函数;通过对上述2个函数的乘积进行积分，得到不同火灾场景下的伤亡人数。结果表明：影响火灾临界时间的主要因素是火灾能见度和烟气层温度；宿舍楼中部火灾发展速度快于两侧；人员性别、意识状态及火灾探测报警情况对疏散时间和效率影响程度不同。研究结果可为应急疏散及宿舍楼人员预期火灾风险评估提供依据。
Abstract:
In order to improve the fire emergency evacuation efficiency of college dormitory buildings,taking a college dormitory building as an example,a triangulation distribution model of probability density function for the available safe evacuation time (ASET) was established,and the FDS software was used to simulate the fire of dormitory building,and the values of each parameter in the function were obtained.The Pathfinder software was used to simulate the personnel evacuation of the dormitory building,and the function of the number of personnel that were not evacuated and the time of fire was obtained.By integrating the product of the above two functions,the numbers of casualties under different fire scenes were obtained.The results showed that the main factors affecting the critical time of fire were the fire visibility and the temperature of smoke layer.The fire development speed in the middle of the dormitory building was faster than those on the two sides.The gender of personnel,the state of consciousness and the situation of fire detection and alarm had different degrees of influence on the evacuation time and efficiency.The results can provide basis for the emergency evacuation and the fire risk assessment of dormitory personnel.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期： 2021-04-02
* 基金项目： 国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC0810600）
作者简介： 于洪霞，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为应急救援。
通信作者： 高玉坤，博士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为应急管理及实验室安全。
更新日期/Last Update: 2022-02-19