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[1]杨海明,赵道亮,刘沛辰,等.高层建筑楼梯与电梯耦合的安全疏散策略研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2019,15(1):169-174.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2019.01.027]
　YANG Haiming,ZHAO Daoliang,LIU Peichen,et al.Study on safety evacuation strategy with coupling of stairs and elevators in highrise building[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2019,15(1):169-174.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2019.01.027]
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高层建筑楼梯与电梯耦合的安全疏散策略研究
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《中国安全生产科学技术》[ISSN:1673-193X/CN:11-5335/TB]

卷:
15
期数:
2019年1期
页码:
169-174
栏目:
职业安全卫生管理与技术
出版日期:
2019-01-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Study on safety evacuation strategy with coupling of stairs and elevators in highrise building
文章编号:
1673-193X(2019)-01-0169-06
作者:
杨海明; 赵道亮; 刘沛辰; 张琪; 孙康娴; 刘谦
（上海应用技术大学 城市建设与安全工程学，上海 201418）
Author(s):
YANG Haiming;  ZHAO Daoliang;  LIU Peichen;  ZHANG Qi;  SUN Kangxian;  LIU Qian
(College of Urban Construction and Safety Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China)
关键词:
高层建筑; 电梯疏散; 疏散策略; BuildingEXODUS; 计算机模拟
Keywords:
highrise building;  elevator evacuation;  evacuation strategy;  BuildingEXODUS;  computer simulation
分类号:
X947
DOI:
10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2019.01.027
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
人员疏散是高层建筑火灾应急管理中重要问题之一。仅依靠楼梯无法在火灾初期安全快速地大批量疏散人群，必须引入其他疏散途径，才能达到安全疏散的要求，而引入电梯，实现楼梯电梯耦合疏散，成为未来高层建筑火灾垂直疏散的新趋势之一。运用BuildingEXODUS从不同建筑高度、不同人群密度、不同人员类型3个方面，运用楼梯模式、A型Shuttle Floor模式、B型Shuttle Floor模式、Sky Lobby模式4种模式进行模拟，提出每种情况的最优疏散策略。研究结果表明：任何层数的高层建筑都存在1个或数个最佳分离楼层使楼梯电梯耦合疏散的效率最高；在运用楼梯以及耦合方案2时，疏散时间与建筑高度呈线性关系，且随着楼层的增高耦合方案2所用疏散时间越来越接近楼梯疏散时间的二分之一；不同人群密度与最佳分离楼层无关；当人员平均疏散能力较高时，最佳分离楼层会上移反之则会下降。
Abstract:
The personnel evacuation is one of the important problems in the emergency management of highrise building fire. Only relying on the stairs cannot evacuate the crowds safely and quickly in the early stages of a fire, so other evacuation approaches must be introduced to meet the requirements of safe evacuation. The introduction of elevators to realize the coupled evacuation of stairs and elevators will become a new trend of vertical evacuation in case of highrise building fire in the future. The BuildingEXODUS was applied to carry out the simulation using four modes including the stairs mode, type A of Shuttle Floor mode, type B of Shuttle Floor mode and Sky Lobby mode from three aspects of different building heights, different crowd densities and different types of personnel, and the optimal evacuation strategy of each situation was put forward. The results show that in any number of highrise buildings always exist one or several optimal separation floors, which make the stair elevator coupling evacuation the most efficient. The evacuation time is linear with the building height in the application of stairs and coupling scheme 2. With the increasing of layers number, the evacuation time of the coupling scheme 2 is closer to onehalf of the stairs. The density of occupants is independent of the optimal separation floor. When the average occupants' evacuation capacity is high, the optimal separation floor will move up, vice versa.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期： 2018-06-26
基金项目： 上海市自然科学基金项目（15ZR1440900）；上海应用技术大学中青年教师科技人才发展基金项目（ZQ2018-21）
作者简介： 杨海明，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为人员安全疏散。
通信作者： 赵道亮，博士，教授，主要研究方向为人员安全疏散、火灾科学等。
更新日期/Last Update: 2019-01-31