钻井井喷爆炸事故分析及对策-《中国安全生产科学技术》

文章信息/Info

作者:: 张兴全¹; 李相方¹; ⁴ ; 李玉军²; 杜钢³; 徐大融¹; 任美鹏⁴; （1中国石油大学石油工程学院，北京 102249) (2新疆油田公司工程技术处，克拉玛依 834000) (3 新疆油田开发公司，克拉玛依 834000) (4中国石油大学机械储运学院，北京 102249）

Author(s):: ZHANG Xingquan¹; LI Xiangfang¹; ⁴; LI Yujun²; DU Gang³; XU Darong¹; REN Meipeng⁴; (1China University of Petroleum College of Petroleum Engineering, Beijing 102249, China) (2Engineering Department of Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Kalamary 834000, China) (3 Development &Construction of Xinjiang Oilfield Company , Kalamary 834000, China

摘要:: 针对井喷爆炸事故造成的巨大经济和环境问题，从消除井场点火源出发，讨论了井喷发生后防止爆炸的问题。基于井喷爆炸事故统计信息，利用事故树法，分析了井场可能存在的点火源，在此基础上提出井场防止井喷爆炸的措施。分析发现井喷爆炸主要分布在井喷后小于5分钟和井喷后大于1小时时间段，点火源主要为井场存在的点火源和后续抢救工作时带入的点火源；井场点火源主要分为明火、电火花、撞击火花和静电火花，通过井喷爆炸事故统计分析，电火花和撞击火花同样应该引起重视。

Abstract:: Towards the huge economic and environmental issues caused by explosion of blowout, the problem to prevent the explosion after the blowout was discussed from eliminating the sources of ignition in the well site. According to statistical information of explosion and blowout, fault tree analysis on the existing sources of ignition well site was conducted, and the measures to prevent explosion after blowout were proposed. It was found the explosion mainly occured in less than 5 minutes and more than 1 hour time period after blowout, the ignition source were mainly the existing well site ignition sources and the ignition source which were brought into in followup rescue work. According to the analysis of ignition source, the well field ignition sources were divided into open flame, spark, impact sparks and electrostatic spark, and through the blowout statistics, spark and impact sparks should be concerned.