|本期目录/Table of Contents|

[1]雷斌,朱永雷,闫浪浪,等.城市轨道交通车站应急物资储备与调配优化研究*[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2026,22(4):199-208.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2026.04.024]
　LEI Bin,ZHU Yonglei,YAN Langlang,et al.Research on the optimization of emergency material reserve and allocation at urban rail transit stations[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2026,22(4):199-208.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2026.04.024]
点击复制

城市轨道交通车站应急物资储备与调配优化研究*

《中国安全生产科学技术》[ISSN:1673-193X/CN:11-5335/TB]

卷:
22
期数:
2026年4期
页码:
199-208
栏目:
公共安全与应急管理
出版日期:
2026-04-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Research on the optimization of emergency material reserve and allocation at urban rail transit stations
文章编号:
1673-193X(2026)-04-0199-10
作者:
雷斌; 朱永雷; 闫浪浪; 石杰红; 侯正波; 卢剑鸿; 罗林林; 杨勇
（1.西安建筑科技大学 城市发展与现代交通学院，陕西 西安 710055；
2.中煤科工南京设计研究院有限公司，江苏 南京 211800；
3.中国安全生产科学研究院，北京 100012；
4.西安市轨道交通集团有限公司，陕西 西安 710021；
5.中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司，陕西 西安 710043）
Author(s):
LEI Bin;  ZHU Yonglei;  YAN Langlang;  SHI Jiehong;  HOU Zhengbo;  LU Jianhong;  LUO Linlin;  YANG Yong
（1.College of Urban Development and Modern Transportation,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an Shaanxi 710055,China；
2.CCTEG Nanjing Design & Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing Jiangsu 211800,China；
3.China Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing 100012,China；
4.Xi’an Rail Transit Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an Shaanxi 710021,China；
5.China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an Shaanxi 710043,China）
关键词:
轨道交通车站; 应急物资; 储备与调配; 多重背包模型; 多目标优化
Keywords:
rail transit stations;  emergency materials;  reserve and allocation;  multiple knapsack problem;  multi-objective optimization
分类号:
X951
DOI:
10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2026.04.024
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为应对城市轨道交通车站应急物资分配存在的成本消耗及时间紧迫难题，利用多重背包理论和多目标优化思想构建应急物资储备与调配全过程的优化决策模型，探讨价值最大的物资储备方案，与成本最优的物资调配方法。研究结果表明：物资储备优化中，优化后应急物资储备方案相比于站点现存方案的价值增加15.46%；物资调配2种情景均以时间最小为初始方案，物资需求固定和需求动态变化2种情境下，优化方案较初始方案的费用分别降低2.48%和1.90%，即合理的应急物资储备及调配方案能够在保障救援的前提下降低物资成本。研究结果可为地铁管理部门应对突发事件提供科学的决策支持与方案参考。
Abstract:
In order to address the challenges of cost efficiency and time constraints in emergency material reserve and allocation for urban rail transit stations,this study employs multiple knapsack problem and multi-objective optimization theory to develop an integrated decision-making model.The model identifies optimal reserve strategy with maximum value and distribution strategy that minimizes costs.Research findings demonstrate that the optimized reserve plan achieves a 15.46% value increase compared to existing station reserve scheme.Under two allocation scenarios-fixed demand and dynamic demand-both optimized solutions show 2.48% and 1.90% cost reductions,respectively,compared to initial plans with the objective of minimizing completion time.This indicates that rational emergency material reserve and allocation scheme can effectively reduce costs without compromising rescue effectiveness.The study provides scientific decision-making support for subway authorities to handle unexpected emergencies.

参考文献/References:

［1］RENNEMO S J,R K F,HVATTUM L M,et al.A three-stage stochastic facility routing model for disaster response planning［J］.Transportation Research Part E:Logistics and Transportation Review,2014,62:116-135.
［2］中华人民共和国交通运输部.城市轨道交通运营管理规定［EB/OL］.（2018-05-21）［2026-03-25］.https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2018-12/31/content_5444349.htm.
［3］缑迅杰,赵芸莹,徐鑫茹,等.应急医疗物资配置研究现状及可视化分析［J］.四川大学学报(自然科学版),2023,60(6):19-31. GOU Xunjie,ZHAO Yunying,XU Xinru,et al.The research status and visualization analysis of emergency medical supplies allocation［J］.Journal of Sichuan University (Natural Sciences Division),2023,60(6):19-31.
［4］PENG Y J,HUZ B,GUO X.Research on the evolution law and response capability based on resource allocation model of unconventional emergency［J］.Journal of Computers,2010,5(12):1899-1906.
［5］PANG X N,YANG W G,MIAO W J,et al.Study on site selection evaluation of emergency material storage based on improved TOPSIS［J］.Kybernetes,2025,54(9):5181-5206.
［6］DU W,WANG J,LIU J H,et al.Optimizing emergency supply storage locations in urban flood disasters from the perspectives of cost and safety［J］.Journal of Hydrology,2025,661(Part B):133722.
［7］ZHANG L Z,CHU F,ZHANG J T,et al.Government decisions for relief materials reserve under supply uncertainty within government-enterprise agreement［J］.International Journal of Production Research,2025,63(20):7550-7569.
［8］ZHU X,YAO K,GUO A Q,et al.Research on joint optimization of reserve and dispatching for multivariety emergency materials based on NSGA-Ⅱ［J］.Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society,2025,2025(1):9990362.
［9］王喆,单红颜,陶梦琪,等.基于柔性契约的应急物资政企联合储备定价博弈模型［J］.中国安全生产科学技术,2024,20(9):20-28. WANG Zhe,SHAN Hongyan,TAO Mengqi,et al.Game model of government-enterprise joint reserve pricing of emergency materials based on flexible contract［J］.Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2024,20(9):20-28.
［10］王剑飞,魏祎璇,汪澍,等.某重载铁路应急救援物资储备数量分布优化研究［J］.中国安全生产科学技术,2024,20(6):197-203. WANG Jianfei,WEI Yixuan,WANG Shu,et al.Research on optimization of reserve quantity distribution of emergency rescue materials for a heavy-haul railway［J］.Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2024,20(6):197-203.
［11］CHEN M.Optimal path planning and data simulation of emergency material distribution based on improved neural network algorithm［J］.Soft Computing,2023,27(9):5995-6005.
［12］吕伟,吴嗣贤,吴子涵,等.基于时间窗的无人机配送应急物资路径规划研究［J］.中国安全生产科学技术,2025,21(3):170-176. LYU Wei,WU Sixian,WU Zihan,et al.Research on route planning of UAV delivery of emergency materials based on time window［J］.Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2025,21(3):170-276.
［13］张国富,管燕妮,苏兆品,等.多阶段应急物资多目标连续分配问题建模与求解［J］.计算机工程,2024,50(12):329-345. ZHANG Guofu,GUAN Yanni,SU Zhaopin,et al.Modeling and solving of the multi-objective continuous distribution problem for-multi-stage emergency supplies［J］.Computer Engineering,2024,50(12):329-345.
［14］LIU Y H,LI Y C,HUANG D.A multiobjective optimization model for continuous allocation of emergency rescue materials［J］.Mathematical Problems in Engineering,2020,2020(1):5693182.
［15］伍佳妮,孟泽佳.考虑地区受灾差异性的跨区域应急物资联合调度［J/OL］.西南交通大学学报,1-12［2026-03-27］.https://link.cnki.net/urlid/51.1277.U.20250711.1900.006.
［16］王付宇,谢昊轩.突发洪涝灾害下考虑公平性的多灾点应急资源调度［J］.安全与环境学报,2023,23(8):2859-2865. WANG Fuyu,XIE Haoxuan.Multi-objective emergency resource assignment for sudden disasters in view of fairness［J］.Journal of Safety and Environment,2023,23(8):2859-2865.
［17］WANG Y Y.An optimization method for distributing emergency materials which balances multiple decision criteria［J］.Processes,2022,10(11):2317.
［18］SARMA D,DAS A,DUTTA P,et al.A cost minimization resource allocation model for disaster relief operations with an information crowdsourcing-based MCDM approach［J］.IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,2020,69(5):2454-2474.
［19］初从帅,费先宏.基于AHP-熵权法的军队被装第三方物流供应商选择［J］.军事交通学院学报,2020,22(4):57-61. CHU Congshuai,FEI Xianhong.Selection of military third-party logistics supplier based on AHP entropy weight method［J］.Journal of Military Transportation,2020,22(4):57-61.
［20］CAO S N,LI D W.Optimization research of emergency resource on rail transit allocation location considering multiple transport modes［J］.Journal of Physics:Conference Series,2020,1486(7):072015.
［21］ZHANG B,ZHANG G W.Modeling and simulation of emergency resource allocation process based on generalized stochastic petri net［J］.Mobile Information Systems,2022,2022(1):4979292.
［22］胡悦,罗亚波,李霞.基于混合算法的不确定环境下逆向物流网络设计研究［J］.工业工程与管理,2018,23(1):90-95. HU Yue,LUO Yabo,LI Xia.Research on reverse logistics network design in uncertain environment based on hybrid algorithm［J］.Indus Eng Manag,2018,23(1):90-95.
［23］汪勇,徐琼,张凌,等.基于遗传分层序列法的云制造资源优化配置［J］.统计与决策,2016(20):80-83. WANG Yong,XU Qiong,ZHANG Ling,et al.Optimal allocation of cloud manufacturing resources based on genetic stratified sequencing method［J］.Statistics and Decision,2016(20):80-83.

相似文献/References:

[1]常志朋,程龙生.基于模糊积分综合评价法的我国应急 物资对外采购能力评价[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2012,8(9):106.
　CHANG Zhi peng,CHENG Long sheng.Evaluation of capacity for foreign purchasing of emergency materials based on fuzzy integral synthetic evaluation method[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2012,8(4):106.
[2]刘牧,裴玉起,储胜利,等.石油石化突发事件重点应急物资分类 与关键属性参数研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2013,9(3):134.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2013.03.24]
　LIU Mu,PEI Yu qi,CHU Sheng li,et al.Research on emergency resource categories and key attribute parameters of petroleum emergency incidents[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2013,9(4):134.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2013.03.24]
[3]丁浩,石昊栋.基于案例推理的我国石油企业海外突发事件应急物资需求预测[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2013,9(9):177.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2013.09.033]
　DING Hao,SHI Hao dong.Demand forecasting of emergency material in China’s abroad emergencies of petroleum enterprise based on case based reasoning[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2013,9(4):177.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2013.09.033]
[4]苏宏杰,赵亚光.生活必需品应急保障标准体系的构建探讨[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2013,9(12):158.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2013.12.027]
　SU Hong-jie,ZHAO Ya guang.Discussion on construction of standard system for emergency necessities security[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2013,9(4):158.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2013.12.027]
[5]陈一洲,杨锐,秦挺鑫,等.应急物资管理平台标准化问题研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2015,11(2):88.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2015.02.014]
　CHEN Yi-zhou,YANG Rui,QIN Ting-xin,et al.Study on standardization of management platform for emergency materials[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2015,11(4):88.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2015.02.014]
[6]郭继东,杨月巧.地震应急物资需求预测的模糊案例推理技术[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2017,13(2):176.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2017.02.031]
　GUO Jidong,YANG Yueqiao.Study on fuzzy case-based reasoning (FCBR) for demand forecast of emergency material in earthquake[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2017,13(4):176.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2017.02.031]
[7]王茵,胡大伟.不确定因素下基于多供应主体的应急物资供应模型[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2017,13(3):12.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2017.03.002]
　WANG Yin,HU Dawei.Study on emergency material supply model based on multiple supply subjects under uncertain factors[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2017,13(4):12.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2017.03.002]
[8]冯舰锐,盖文妹.应急物资储备点选址多目标优化模型及算法研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2018,14(6):64.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2018.06.010]
　FENG Jianrui,GAI Wenmei.Research on multiobjective optimization model and algorithm for reserve site selection of emergency materials[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2018,14(4):64.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2018.06.010]
[9]余佳,王维莉,韩新,等.考虑逆向物流的应急物资配置流程SPN建模分析[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2019,15(4):12.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2019.04.002]
　YU Jia,WANG Weili,HAN Xin,et al.Stochastic Petri Net modeling analysis of emergency resources allocation process considering reverse logistics[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2019,15(4):12.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2019.04.002]
[10]吕伟,李志红,马亚萍,等.考虑受灾点需求时间窗的应急物资配送车辆路径规划研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2020,16(3):5.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2020.03.001]
　LYU Wei,LI Zhihong,MA Yaping,et al.Research on route planning of emergency materials distribution vehicles considering time window of requirements by disaster point[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2020,16(4):5.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2020.03.001]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期： 2025-11-04
* 基金项目： 陕西省重点研发计划项目（2025SF-YBXM-142）；2025年度陕西省交通运输科研项目（25-05K）
作者简介： 雷斌，博士，教授，主要研究方向为城市轨道交通、安全与应急管理。
通信作者： 石杰红，硕士，正高级工程师，主要研究方向为城市轨道交通建设、运营安全。
更新日期/Last Update: 2026-04-29