|本期目录/Table of Contents|

[1]冉辰皓,胥兵周,陈俊沣,等.地铁地下车站设备区火灾烟气蔓延特性全尺寸实验研究*[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2025,21(1):161-168.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2025.01.021]
　RAN Chenhao,XU Bingzhou,CHEN Junfeng,et al.Full-scale experimental study on smoke spread characteristics of fire in equipment area of underground subway stations[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2025,21(1):161-168.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2025.01.021]
点击复制

地铁地下车站设备区火灾烟气蔓延特性全尺寸实验研究*
分享到：

《中国安全生产科学技术》[ISSN:1673-193X/CN:11-5335/TB]

卷:
21
期数:
2025年1期
页码:
161-168
栏目:
职业安全卫生管理与技术
出版日期:
2025-01-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Full-scale experimental study on smoke spread characteristics of fire in equipment area of underground subway stations
文章编号:
1673-193X(2025)-01-0161-08
作者:
冉辰皓; 胥兵周; 陈俊沣; 程辉航; 华福才; 钟茂华
（1.清华大学 安全科学学院，北京 100084；
2.中铁一局集团建筑安装工程有限公司，陕西 西安 710001；
3.北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司，北京 100037；
4.清华大学（工物系）-北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司城市防灾与安全联合研究中心，北京 100084）
Author(s):
RAN Chenhao;  XU Bingzhou;  CHEN Junfeng;  CHENG Huihang;  HUA Fucai;  ZHONG Maohua
(1.School of Safety Science,Tsinghua University,Beijing;
2.China Railway First Group Construction & Installation Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an Shaanxi；
3.Beijing Urban Construction Design&Development Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing;
4.Department of Engineering Physics,Tsinghua University-Beijing Urban Construction Design & Development Group Co.,Ltd.Joint Research Center for Urban Disaster Prevention and Safety,Beijing)
关键词:
火灾烟气; 地铁地下车站; 设备区; 自然通风; 全尺寸实验
Keywords:
fire smoke;  underground subway station;  equipment area;  natural ventilation;  full-scale experiment
分类号:
X932
DOI:
10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2025.01.021
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为研究地铁地下车站设备区走廊区域火灾烟气蔓延特性，在某设备区开展全尺寸现场火灾实验，通过对温度、烟气蔓延速度、烟气层高度等参数进行分析，结合观察到的实验现象，总结烟气在自然通风条件下的蔓延规律。研究结果表明：在本文实验条件下，走廊中烟气扩散速度约为0.2~0.4 m/s，且不同方向上的速度大小与顶棚温升和烟气层高度正相关。烟气更倾向于沿连接车站站台区的长走廊蔓延，且拐入长走廊的烟气蔓延速度衰减不明显。考虑人员疏散，蔓延至“L”型路口的烟气会在拐角处蓄积使烟气层高度显著降低，封堵人员逃生路径。烟气沿短走廊蔓延途径“T”型路口时，会大量分流进长走廊中，蔓延速度越低时分流进入长走廊的比例越高。研究结果可为地铁地下车站设备区火灾人员疏散和防排烟措施提供数据支撑和科学参考。
Abstract:
To study the smoke spread characteristics of fire in the corridor area of equipment area in the underground subway station,the full-scale on-site fire experiment was conducted in an equipment area.By analyzing the experimental phenomena and parameters such as temperature,smoke spread velocity,and smoke layer height,the spread law of smoke under natural ventilation conditions was summarized.The results show that under the experimental conditions of this study,the diffusion velocity of smoke in the corridor is approximately 0.2~0.4 m/s,and the velocity in different directions is positively correlated with the temperature rise of ceiling and the height of smoke layer.The smoke tends to spread along the long corridor connecting the station platform area,and the smoke spread velocity does not decrease significantly when turning into the long corridor.Considering the personnel evacuation,when the smoke spreads to an L-shaped intersection,it accumulates at the corner,significantly reducing the height of smoke layer and blocking the escape path of personnel.When the smoke spreads through a T-shaped intersection along the short corridor,a large amount of smoke will be diverted into the long corridor,and the lower the smoke spread velocity,the higher the proportion of smoke entering the long corridor.The research results can provide data support and scientific reference for the personnel evacuation and smoke control and exhaust measures in the equipment area of underground subway stations.

参考文献/References:

［1］YUAN F D,YOU S J.CFD simulation and optimization of the ventilation for subway side-platform［J］.Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2007,22(4):474-482.
［2］李炎锋,王超,杜修力,等.大型地铁换乘站多点火灾情况下的烟气扩散研究［J］.土木工程学报,2010(增刊2):404-409.LI Yanfeng,WANG Chao,DU Xiuli,et al.Study on smoke propagation in a large subway transfer station with a multi-point fire scenario ［J］.China Civil Engineering Journal,2010(Supplement 2):404-409.
［3］ZHOU Y,BU R W,XU Z S,et al.Numerical simulation of smoke control effectiveness with different exhaust modes in a large subway station［J］.Procedia Engineering,2018,211:1065-1074.
［4］JI J,ZHONG W,LI K Y,et al.A simplified calculation method on maximum smoke temperature under the ceiling in subway station fires［J］.Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2011,26(3):490-496.
［5］LUO N,LI A,GAO R,et al.Smoke confinement utilizing the USME ventilation mode for subway station fire［J］.Safety Science,2014,70:202-210.
［6］刘畅,钟茂华,田向亮,等.地铁多线换乘车站火灾模型实验研究—(1)模型装置设计［J］.中国安全生产科学技术,2020,16(2):11-17.LIU Chang,ZHONG Maohua,TIAN Xiangliang,et al.Model experimental study on fire in metro multi-line transfer station:(1) design of model device［J］.Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2020,16(2):11-17.
［7］钟茂华,刘畅,田向亮,等.地铁同站台高架换乘车站火灾全尺寸实验研究-(4)设备区火灾［J］.中国安全生产科学技术,2018,14(7):18-25.ZHONG Maohua,LIU Chang,TIAN Xiangliang,et al.Full-scale experimental study on fire in one-platform-interchange elevated metro station-(4) equipment area fire［J］.Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2018,14(7):18-25.
［8］刘苏敏.城市轨道交通地下车站站台层设备区消防问题研究［J］.城市轨道交通研究,2021,24(12):121-124.LIU Sumin.Research on fire protection issue of equipment area on urban rail transit underground station platform level［J］.Urban Mass Transit,2021,24(12):121-124.
［9］钟茂华，胡鹏，陈俊沣，等.顶部多点竖向排烟下地铁隧道烟气控制研究［J］.清华大学学报(自然科学版),2023,63(5):754-764.ZHONG Maohua,HU Peng,CHEN Junfeng,et al.Research for smoke control in a subway tunnel under the ceiling multi-point vertical smoke exhaust［J］.Journal of Tsinghua University (Science and Technology),2023,63(5):754-764.
［10］岳顺禹，龙增，仇培云，等.独头隧道火灾全尺寸实验研究［J］.清华大学学报(自然科学版),2023,63(6):917-925.YUE Shunyu,LONG Zeng,QIU Peiyun,et al.Full-scale experimental study on single-end tunnel fires［J］.Journal of Tsinghua University (Science and Technology),2023,63(6):917-925.
［11］HANDA T,SUGAWA O,FUKAYA H,et al.Studies on the motion and the thermal behaviors of the fire products through the full seale corridor-experimental study on the thermal flow through the full scale corridor［J］.Bulletin of Japan Association for Fire Science and Engineering,1976,26(2):1-16.
［12］HANDA T,SUGAWA O.Characterization of flow behavior of hot fire products in a concrete full-scale corridor［J］.Fire Science & Technology,1981,1(1):45-69.
［13］HANDA T,SUGAWA O,AKIYAMA T,et al.Studies on the motion and the thermal behaviors of fire products through full scale corridor (Part Ⅱ) some analytical aspects on the experimental results［J］.Bulletin of Japan Association for Fire Science and Engineering,2013,28(2):21-29.
［14］张人杰，麻柏坤，张和平，等.侧室-走廊初起火灾下烟气运动的模拟研究［J］.火灾科学,1995(4):17-23.ZHANG Renjie,MA Baikun,ZHANG Heping,et al.Simulation of smoke spread in a rooms-corridor building during initial stage of fires［J］.Fire Safety Science,1995(4):17-23.
［15］YAO J,FAN W,KOHYU S,et al.Verification and application of field-zone-network model in building fire［J］.Fire Safety Journal,1999,33(1):35-44.
［16］HE Y P.Measurement of doorway flow field in multi-enclosure building fires［J］.International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,1999(42):3253-3265.
［17］HU L H,HUO R,LI Y Z,et al.Full-scale burning tests on studying smoke temperature and velocity along a corridor［J］.Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2005,20(3):223-229.
［18］ZHAO Z,CHEN X,WU X,et al.Experimental study on the descent distance of fire smoke at the corridor corner［J］.Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2024,144:105534.
［19］刘畅,钟茂华,林鹏,等.水利水电工程分岔型隧道全尺寸火灾实验研究［J］.清华大学学报(自然科学版),2022,62(1):1-12.LIU Chang,ZHONG Maohua,LIN Peng,et al.Full-scale experimental study of a bifurcated tunnel fire in a hydropower engineering project［J］.Journal of Tsinghua University (Science and Technology),2022,62(1):1-12.
［20］JI J,FAN C G,ZHONG W,et al.Experimental investigation on influence of different transverse fire locations on maximum smoke temperature under the tunnel ceiling［J］.International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2012,55(17-18):4817-4826.
［21］LIDE D R.Handbook of chemistry and physics［M］.Boca Raton,FL,USA:CRC Press,2001.
［22］HU L H,LI Y Z,YI L,et al.Tracking a ceiling jet front for hot smoke tests in tunnels ［J］.Journal of Fire Sciences,2007(25):99-108.
［23］National Fire Protection Association.Guide for smoke management systems in malls,atria,and large areas：NFPA 92B ［S］.USA:American Standards Council,2009.

相似文献/References:

[1]张泽江,梅秀娟,覃文清,等.古建筑火灾烟气流动特性研究*[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2008,4(05):46.
　ZHANG Ze jiang,MEI Xiu juan,QING Wen qing,et al.Study on smoke and gas movement characteristic of ancient building fire[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2008,4(1):46.
[2]吕辰,吴宗之,王天瑜,等.中智地下车库火灾烟气流动规律数值模拟分[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2016,12(1):107.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2016.01.020]
　LYU Chen,WU Zongzhi,WANG Tianyu,et al.Numerical simulation analysis on smoke flow regularity of fire in Zhongzhi underground garage[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2016,12(1):107.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2016.01.020]
[3]李涛,谢玮,韦涛,等.螺旋隧道火灾特性小尺寸实验研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2017,13(3):137.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2017.03.022]
　LI Tao,XIE Wei,WEI Tao,et al.Small-scale experimental study on characteristics of spiral tunnel fire[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2017,13(1):137.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2017.03.022]
[4]祁云,齐庆杰,汪伟,等.胶带运输巷水幕抑制火灾烟气效率影响因素实验研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2019,15(5):123.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2019.05.020]
　QI Yun,QI Qingjie,WANG Wei,et al.Experimental study on influencing factors of fire smoke suppression efficiency by water curtain in belt transportation roadway[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2019,15(1):123.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2019.05.020]
[5]李建,史聪灵,李昀松,等.隧道与横通道交叉角对火灾烟气蔓延影响机制研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2020,16(7):36.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2020.07.006]
　LI Jian,SHI Congling,LI Yunsong,et al.Research on influence mechanism of crossing angle between tunnel and cross passage on fire smoke spread[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2020,16(1):36.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2020.07.006]
[6]岳宁芳,蔡国斌,高文静,等.矿井胶带蔓延火灾的细水雾抑制影响因素研究*[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2022,18(4):92.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2022.04.013]
　YUE Ningfang,CAI Guobin,GAO Wenjing,et al.Research on influencing factors of water mist suppression for belt spreading fire in mine[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2022,18(1):92.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2022.04.013]
[7]梁瑞,戴淑灵,文博.竖井排烟口对L型高层建筑烟气流动特性影响的模拟研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2022,18(8):135.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2022.08.020]
　LIANG Rui,DAI Shuling,WEN Bo.Simulation study on influence of shaft smoke exhaust vent on smoke flow characteristics of L-shaped high-rise buildings[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2022,18(1):135.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2022.08.020]
[8]方祥,任飞,李建,等.不同隧道坡度与车厢火灾位置情况下烟气蔓延特性研究*[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2022,18(9):35.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2022.09.005]
　FANG Xiang,REN Fei,LI Jian,et al.Study on smoke spread characteristics under different tunnel slopes and car fire locations[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2022,18(1):35.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2022.09.005]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期： 2024-09-08
* 基金项目： 国家自然科学基金项目(52374210)
作者简介： 冉辰皓，博士研究生，主要研究方向为地铁安全。
通信作者： 钟茂华，博士，研究员，主要研究方向为地铁安全。
更新日期/Last Update: 2025-01-26