[1]路李贞金,孙立,钱圢,等.基于梯度吸湿材料的耐高湿个体呼吸防护口罩研究*[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2026,22(5):167-174.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2026.05.020]
Lu Lizhenjin,Sun Li,Qian Ting,et al.Study on individual respiratory protective mask with high humidity resistance based on gradient hygroscopic materials[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2026,22(5):167-174.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2026.05.020]
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基于梯度吸湿材料的耐高湿个体呼吸防护口罩研究*
Lu Lizhenjin,Sun Li,Qian Ting,et al.Study on individual respiratory protective mask with high humidity resistance based on gradient hygroscopic materials[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2026,22(5):167-174.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2026.05.020]
《中国安全生产科学技术》[ISSN:1673-193X/CN:11-5335/TB]
- 卷:
- 22
- 期数:
- 2026年5期
- 页码:
- 167-174
- 栏目:
- 职业健康与防护
- 出版日期:
- 2026-05-30
文章信息/Info
- Title:
- Study on individual respiratory protective mask with high humidity resistance based on gradient hygroscopic materials
- 文章编号:
- 1673-193X(2026)-05-0167-08
- Keywords:
- high-humidity environments; gradient composite structure; protective mask; breathing resistance; filtration efficiency; hydrophilic polyester; polyacrylic acid sodium
- 分类号:
- X936；TD79
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为改善高湿环境下个体呼吸防护口罩因水汽凝结导致呼吸阻力快速升高、过滤效率衰减等问题，基于不同亲水材料的吸湿导湿特性及口罩湿气管理需求，提出1种具有“主动导湿-可控储水-隔湿保护”功能的梯度吸湿复合口罩结构。通过选取传统PTFE（聚四氟乙烯）覆膜口罩和N95熔喷无纺布口罩作为研究对象，在模拟高湿呼吸环境（38 ℃、相对湿度>90%）下，系统测试口罩阻力变化、过滤效率及核心过滤层静电衰减规律；并对亲水性聚酯（H-Polyester）、聚丙烯酸钠（PAAS）、亲水性聚氨酯（H-PU）和木棉纤维（Kapok）等材料的吸水量、吸水速率、溶胀特性及结构形貌进行表征，构建以亲水性聚酯（H-Polyester）为快速导湿层、聚丙烯酸钠（PAAS）为高容储水层的梯度复合方案，并设计内圆外带式可更换梯度封装滤芯结构。研究结果表明：传统覆膜口罩与熔喷无纺布口罩在高湿环境下易因液膜堵塞孔隙而使呼吸阻力迅速超过人体舒适阈值；构建的梯度复合结构可有效调控湿气传递路径，在160 min内将口罩呼吸阻力稳定在400 Pa左右，将核心过滤层静电衰减幅度由65%以上抑制至20%以内，并使对0.3 μm颗粒物的过滤效率全程保持在98.4%以上。研究结果可为高湿环境下个体呼吸防护口罩的结构优化与功能设计提供理论和技术参考。
- Abstract:
- In order to address the rapid increase in breathing resistance and the decline in filtration efficiency of respiratory masks caused by moisture condensation in high-humidity environments,a gradient hygroscopic composite mask structure with "active moisture transport,controllable water storage,and moisture-isolation protection" functions was proposed.Conventional polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane-coated air filtration and N95 non-woven air filtration were used as controls.Their breathing resistance,filtration efficiency,and electrostatic attenuation of the core filter layer were evaluated under simulated high-humidity breathing conditions at 38 ℃ and relative humidity above 90%.The water absorption,absorption rate,swelling behavior,and morphology of hydrophilic polyester (H-Polyester),polyacrylic acid sodium (PAAS),hydrophilic polyurethane (H-PU),and kapok were characterized.Based on these results,a gradient composite structure was developed using hydrophilic polyester as the rapid moisture-transport layer and PAAS as the high-capacity water-storage layer,and a replaceable gradient-encapsulated filter element was designed.The results show that conventional membrane and melt-blown masks suffered a sharp increase in breathing resistance due to pore blockage by condensed liquid films.In contrast,the proposed structure effectively regulated moisture transfer,maintaining the breathing resistance at about 400 Pa within 160 min,reducing electrostatic attenuation from over 65% to below 20%,and keeping the filtration efficiency for 0.3 μm particles above 98.4%.This study provides a reference for the design of respiratory protective masks used in high-humidity environments.
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相似文献/References:
[1]周肖童,柳静献,林秀丽,等.呼吸防护口罩在高湿及有机溶剂环境中的过滤性能研究*[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2024,20(10):213.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2024.10.029]
ZHOU Xiaotong,LIU Jingxian,LIN Xiuli,et al.Study on filtration performance of respiratory protective masks in environments of high humidity and organic solvent[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2024,20(5):213.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2024.10.029]
备注/Memo
- 备注/Memo:
-
收稿日期： 2026-01-15；修回日期：2026-02-08
* 基金项目： 国家自然科学基金项目（52304210）；辽宁省科学技术计划项目（2023-BSBA-105）；中央高校基本科研业务专项资金资助项目（N2301022，N25ZJL013）
作者简介： 路李贞金，硕士研究生,主要研究方向为纤维热老化鉴定、个体呼吸防护口罩。
通信作者： 赫伟东，博士，助理教授，主要研究方向为颗粒物过滤技术、高新滤料、智能过滤装置、职业卫生工程。
