|本期目录/Table of Contents|

[1]任恒,朱永建,杨欢,等.不同荷载条件下岩石试样强度变化机理研究*[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2026,22(5):14-21.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2026.05.002]
　Ren Heng,Zhu Yongjian,Yang Huan,et al.Study on the mechanism of strength change of rock samples under different loading conditions[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2026,22(5):14-21.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2026.05.002]
点击复制

不同荷载条件下岩石试样强度变化机理研究*

《中国安全生产科学技术》[ISSN:1673-193X/CN:11-5335/TB]

卷:
22
期数:
2026年5期
页码:
14-21
栏目:
安全工程技术
出版日期:
2026-05-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Study on the mechanism of strength change of rock samples under different loading conditions
文章编号:
1673-193X(2026)-05-0014-08
作者:
任恒; 朱永建; 杨欢; 姚琦
(1.湖南城市学院 土木工程学院,湖南 益阳 413000;
2.湖南科技大学 煤矿安全开采技术湖南省重点实验室,湖南 湘潭 411201;
3.南方煤矿瓦斯与顶板灾害预防控制安全生产重点实验室,湖南 湘潭 411201;
4.贵州开源爆破工程有限公司,贵州 贵阳 551499)
Author(s):
Ren Heng;  Zhu Yongjian;  Yang Huan;  Yao Qi
（1.College of Civil Engineering,Hunan City University,Yiyang,Hunan 413000,China;
2.Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Safe Mining Techniques of Coal Mines,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China;
3.Work Safety Key Lab on Prevention and Control of Gas and Roof Disasters for Southern Goal Mines,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan Hunan 411201,China;
4.Guizhou Kaiyuan Blasting Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang Guizhou 551499,China）
关键词:
巷道开挖; 卸荷损伤; 扰动因子; 岩石试件; 力学响应
Keywords:
roadway excavation;  unloading damage;  disturbance factor;  rock specimen;  mechanical response
分类号:
X936；TU457
DOI:
10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2026.05.002
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
针对荷载条件下岩石非线性渐近损伤及力学响应热点问题，基于巷道开挖卸荷效应下浅表围岩应力转移特征，归纳出影响巷道围岩弱化的扰动因子本质上包括“内因”和“外因”2大类。采用RMT-150C电液伺服岩石力学试验系统开展多组岩体扰动力学试验和损伤岩石常规三轴、单轴加载试验，建立岩石抗压强度与扰动因子的相关关系；基于压缩过程中岩石裂隙体积应变演化特征，结合Weibull分布函数，构建岩石渐进损伤演化方程，探讨模型参数对统计损伤演化曲线的影响。研究结果表明：随初始轴压加载比增大，损伤岩体单轴抗压强度呈先增大后减小趋势，损伤岩体单轴抗压强度与加载速率呈幂函数关系，三轴抗压强度与围压呈线性关系；随着围压值、内摩擦角增大，曲线整体右移；随着弹性模量值增大，曲线整体左移；试件强度的弱化即是试件损伤的累积，试件所受的载荷越大、受载时间越长，其损伤弱化程度就越大。在试件达到峰值强度时，试件的损伤最集中。研究结果可实现损伤岩石承载能力评估及巷道围岩稳定性预测。
Abstract:
In order to address the nonlinear asymptotic damage and mechanical response of rock under loading conditions.Based on stress transfer characteristics of shallow surrounding rock under unloading effects during roadway excavation,the disturbance factors affecting rock weakening are categorized into “internal factors” and “external factors”.Using the RMT-150C electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics testing system,multiple rock mass disturbance dynamic tests and conventional triaxial/uniaxial loading tests were conducted to establish correlations between rock compressive strength and disturbance factors.By analyzing crack volume strain evolution during compression and applying Weibull distribution functions,a progressive damage evolution equation was developed to investigate parameter effects on statistical damage curves.Results demonstrate: Uniaxial compressive strength initially increases and then decreases with higher initial loading ratios,exhibiting power-law relationships with loading rates while maintaining linear correlations with confining pressure;curves shift rightward with increasing confining pressure and internal friction angles,and leftward with higher elastic modulus values;Strength weakening reflects cumulative damage,where greater loading duration and intensity lead to more pronounced damage.Maximum damage concentration occurs at peak strength.These findings enable load-bearing capacity assessment of damaged rock and stability prediction of roadway surrounding rock.

参考文献/References:

［1］He Manchao,Ren Fuqiang,Liu Dongqiao.Rockburst mechanism research and its control［J］.International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2018,28(5):829-837.
［2］Ren Heng,Zhu Yongjian,Wang Ping,et al.Experimental study on mechanical characteristics of unloaded damaged white sandstone before peak［J］.Arabian Journal of Geosciences,2020,13(17):878.
［3］王平,朱永建,冯涛,等.砂岩试件加载-卸荷-加载损伤弱化试验分析［J］.煤炭学报,2016,41(12):2960-2967. Wang Ping,Zhu Yongjian,Feng Tao,et al.Test and analysis of sandstone damage-weakening under loading-unloading-loading［J］.Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(12):2960-2967.
［4］朱永建,任恒,王平,等.损伤石灰岩单轴再加载力学特性及破坏机理［J］.哈尔滨工业大学学报,2021,53(11):119-126. Zhu Yongjian,Ren Heng,Wang Ping,et al.Mechanical properties and failure mechanism of damaged limestone under uniaxial reloading［J］.Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2021,53(11):119-126.
［5］Chen Ziquan,He Chuan,Ma Gaoyu,et al.Energy damage evolution mechanism of rock and its application to brittleness evaluation［J］.Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2019,52(4):1265-1274.
［6］付鹏,亓宪寅,王胜伟,等.基于声发射的层状复合岩石损伤演化规律实验研究［J］.科学技术与工程,2022,22(19):8431-8438. Fu Peng,Qi Xianyin,Wang Shengwei,et al.Experimental study on damage evolution law of layered composite rock based on acoustic emission［J］.Science Technology and Engineering,2022,22(19):8431-8438.
［7］Kim J S,Lee K S,Cho W J,et al.A comparative evaluation of stress-strain and acoustic emission methods for quantitative damage assessments of brittle rock［J］.Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2015,48(2):495-508.
［8］赵云阁,黄麟淇,李夕兵.岩石损伤强度及峰值强度前后阶段的声发射识别［J］.岩土工程学报,2022,44(10):1908-1916. Zhao Yun’ge,Huang Linqi,Li Xibing.Identification of stages before and after damage strength and peak strength using acoustic emission tests［J］.Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2022,44(10):1908-1916.
［9］Ran Qican,Liang Yunpei,Zou Quanle,et al.Mechanical behavior and acoustic emission characteristics of initially damaged coal under triaxial cyclic loading and unloading［J］.Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2026,18(1):230-245.
［10］冯强,谭清峰,刘炜炜,等.基于近场动力学的岩石不同应力路径损伤演化［J］.科学技术与工程,2024,24(7):2829-2840. Feng Qiang,Tan Qingfeng,Liu Weiwei,et al.Damage evolution of rocks under different stress paths based on peridynamics［J］.Science Technology and Engineering,2024,24(7):2829-2840.
［11］Lin Zhongqin,Xue Fei,Wu Xuezhen,et al.Experimental investigation on fracture behaviors and crack propagation characteristics of granite under cyclic loading and unloading［J］.Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2025,58(12):13221-13242.
［12］周俊,赵光明,孟祥瑞,等.岩体模型双向加载巷道开挖卸荷效应［J］.煤炭学报,2023,48(9):3384-3392. Zhou Jun,Zhao Guangming,Meng Xiangrui,et al.Unloading effect of roadway excavation based on simulation method in similar material［J］.Journal of China Coal Society,2023,48(9):3384-3392.
［13］侯公羽,梁金平,周蒙辉,等.卸荷速度对围岩变形影响的试验研究［J］.煤炭学报,2019,44(4):1011-1019. Hou Gongyu,Liang Jinping,Zhou Menghui,et al.Effect of unloading velocity on surrounding rock deformation［J］.Journal of China Coal Society,2019,44(4):1011-1019.
［14］张超,白允.参数型岩石几何损伤模型的构建及其应用研究［J］.岩土力学,2020,41(12):3899-3909. Zhang Chao,Bai Yun.Establishment and application of parametric geometrical damage model of rocks［J］.Rock and Soil Mechanics,2020,41(12):3899-3909.
［15］李海潮,张升.基于修正Lemaitre应变等价性假设的岩石损伤模型［J］.岩土力学,2017,38(5):1321-1326,1334. Li Haichao,Zhang Sheng.A constitutive damage model of rock based on the assumption of modified Lemaitre strain equivalence hypothesis［J］.Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(5):1321-1326,1334.
［16］刘冬桥,郭允朋,李杰宇,等.基于声发射的脆性岩石单轴压缩损伤演化与本构模型［J］.中国矿业大学学报,2023,52(4):687-700. Liu Dongqiao,Guo Yunpeng,Li Jieyu,et al.Damage evolution and constitutive model of brittle rock under uniaxial compression based on acoustic emission［J］.Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2023,52(4):687-700.
［17］张全胜,杨更社,任建喜.岩石损伤变量及本构方程的新探讨［J］.岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(1):30-34. Zhang Quansheng,Yang Gengshe,Ren Jianxi.New study of damage variable and constitutive equation of rock［J］.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(1):30-34.
［18］韩心星,杨小彬,刘恩来,等.三轴压缩下砂岩统计损伤本构模型探究［J］.矿业科学学报,2018,3(2):165-170. Han Xinxing,Yang Xiaobin,Liu Enlai,et al.Research on the statistical damage constitutive model of sandstone under triaxial compression［J］.Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2018,3(2):165-170.
［19］张超,曹文贵,赵衡,等.考虑围压效应和强度脆性跌落的岩石全应力–应变曲线统计损伤模拟方法［J］.岩土工程学报,2022,44(5):936-944. Zhang Chao,Cao Wen’gui,Zhao Heng,et al.Statistical damage simulation method for complete stress-strain path of rocks considering confining pressure effect and strength brittle drop［J］.Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2022,44(5):936-944.
［20］左建平,魏旭,王军,等.深部巷道围岩梯度破坏机理及模型研究［J］.中国矿业大学学报,2018,47(3):478-485. Zuo Jianping,Wei Xu,Wang Jun,et al.Investigation of failure mechanism and model for rocks in deep roadway under stress gradient effect［J］.Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2018,47(3):478-485.
［21］任恒.深部近距离煤层巷道围岩弱化规律及稳定性控制［D］.湘潭:湖南科技大学,2023. Ren Heng.Weakening rule and stability control of surrounding rock in deep close range coal seam roadway［D］.Xiangtan:Hunan University of Science and Technology,2023.
［22］陈忠辉,林忠明,谢和平,等.三维应力状态下岩石损伤破坏的卸荷效应［J］.煤炭学报,2004,29(1):31-35. Chen Zhonghui,Lin Zhongming,Xie Heping,et al.Damage study on brittle rock failure under complicated stress［J］.Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(1):31-35.

相似文献/References:

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期： 2026-01-05；修回日期：2026-02-24
* 基金项目： 国家自然科学基金面上项目（52274119）；湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目（24A0570）；煤矿安全开采技术湖南省重点实验室开放基金资助项目（E22540）
作者简介： 任恒，博士，讲师，主要研究方向为岩石力学与岩层控制及巷道支护技术。
通信作者： 姚琦，博士，副教授，主要研究方向为岩石力学与岩层控制及巷道支护技术。
更新日期/Last Update: 2026-06-03