[1]李华,孙林霞,益朋.多分隔受限场景空间火灾疏散安全性分析*[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2024,20(5):107-114.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2024.05.015]
LI Hua,SUN Linxia,YI Peng.Analysis of fire evacuation safety in space with multiple partitioned confined scene[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2024,20(5):107-114.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2024.05.015]
点击复制
多分隔受限场景空间火灾疏散安全性分析*
LI Hua,SUN Linxia,YI Peng.Analysis of fire evacuation safety in space with multiple partitioned confined scene[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2024,20(5):107-114.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2024.05.015]
《中国安全生产科学技术》[ISSN:1673-193X/CN:11-5335/TB]
- 卷:
- 20
- 期数:
- 2024年5期
- 页码:
- 107-114
- 栏目:
- 职业安全卫生管理与技术
- 出版日期:
- 2024-05-31
文章信息/Info
- Title:
- Analysis of fire evacuation safety in space with multiple partitioned confined scene
- 文章编号:
- 1673-193X(2024)-05-0107-08
- Keywords:
- secret room escape venues; fire evacuation; confined scene space; multiple partitions; simulation
- 分类号:
- X932
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为了优化密室逃脱类场所的复杂空间布局，基于该场所剧情场景下空间多重分隔、空间狭小、封闭且组合多样等结构特点，分析归纳该场所3种典型的受限场景空间类型，以西安市某密室逃脱类场所建筑布局为例，运用Pathfinder和PyroSim软件对其展开火灾情景下的疏散模拟仿真，进而对比分析不同场景空间的火灾特性指标以及疏散安全性。研究结果表明：密室逃脱类场所3种场景空间中，串联式场景空间人员疏散时间最长（141.53 s），单元式次之（115.53 s），并联式最短（112.28 s）；从火灾烟气模拟结果看，串联式场景空间安全出口的温度、CO体积分数以及能见度始终都处于安全临界范围内，而其他2种场景空间均超过临界值，并且能见度降至0.06 m，因此从安全性判定，该密室逃脱类场所只有串联式场景空间人员疏散过程是安全的，并联式和单元式场景空间人员疏散过程中均存在一定危险性。对于密室逃脱类场所这种特定狭小空间，烟气的危害对人员安全疏散的影响尤为显著，因此要在防排烟和火灾荷载方面进行重点防控。研究结果可为密室逃脱类场所的空间结构优化提供消防指导。
- Abstract:
- In order to optimize the complex spatial layout of secret room escape venues,based on the structural characteristics of multiple partitions,narrow spaces,enclosed spaces,and diverse combinations in the plot scene of the venues,three typical types of confined scene space in the venues were analyzed and summarized.Taking the architectural layout of a secret room escape venue in Xi’an as an example,the evacuation simulation under fire scenarios was carried out by using the Pathfinder and PyroSim softwares,and the fire characteristics indexes and evacuation safety of different scene spaces were compared and analyzed.The results show that among the three typical scene spaces of secret room escape venues,the longest evacuation time of personnel in the series type scene space is 141.53 seconds,followed by the unit type as 115.53 seconds,and the shortest evacuation time for the parallel type is 112.28 seconds.From the simulation results of fire smoke,it can be seen that the temperature,CO volume fraction,and visibility of the safety exit in the series scene space are always within the safe critical range,while the other two scene spaces exceed the critical values,and the visibility drops to 0.06 m.Therefore,from the perspective of safety,only the evacuation process of personnel in the series scene space is safe in this secret room escape venue,while there is danger during the evacuation process of personnel in the parallel and unit scene spaces.For the specific narrow spaces such as secret room escape venues,the harm of smoke has particularly significant impact on the safe evacuation of personnel.Therefore,it is necessary to focus on prevention and control of smoke exhaust and fire loads.The research results can provide fire safety guidance for optimizing the spatial structure of secret room escape venues.
参考文献/References:
［1］王沫.密室逃脱、剧本杀类游戏场所的消防安全管理研究［J］.今日消防,2022,7(10):59-61.
WANG Mo.Research on fire safety management in secret room escape and script killing game venues ［J］.Today’s Fire Protection,2022,7 (10):59-61.
［2］王跃强,周健,陈保胜.建筑场景空间火灾特性研究［J］.消防科学与技术,2019,38(7):949-953.
WANG Yueqiang,ZHOU Jian,CHEN Baosheng.Research on the fire characteristics of architectural scene space ［J］.Fire Science and Technology,2019,38 (7):949-953.
［3］张彤彤,曹笛.火灾环境下超高层建筑标准层人员疏散模拟与空间优化策略［J］.建筑学报,2022(2):16-21.
ZHANG Tongtong,CAO Di.Simulation of personnel evacuation and spatial optimization strategies for standard floors of super high-rise buildings in fire environments ［J］.Journal of Architecture,2022 (2):16-21.
［4］吕伟,师远,汪京辉，等.复杂建筑空间人员应急疏散的无人机引导模型研究［J］.中国安全生产科学技术,2022,18(11):32-38.
LYU Wei,SHI Yuan,WANG Jinghui,et al.Research on unmanned aerial vehicle guidance model for emergency evacuation of personnel in complex building spaces ［J］.Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2022，18 (11):32-38.
［5］晋良海,易小钰,殷双萍，等.公共建筑人群疏散流线负荷的拓扑解析模型研究［J］.中国安全生产科学技术,2020,16(9):30-36.
JIN Lianghai,YI Xiaoyu,YIN Shuangping,et al.Study on the topological analysis model of crowd evacuation flow line load in public buildings ［J］.Journal of Safety Science and Technology，2020,16 (9):30-36.
［6］FANG H,LYU W,CHENG H,et al.Evacuation optimization strategy for large-scale public building considering plane partition and multi-floor layout［J］.Frontiers in Public Health,2022,10:847399.
［7］XIONG Q,ZHU Q,DU Z Q,et al.A dynamic indoor field model for emergency evacuation simulation［J］.ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information,2017,6(4)：104.
［8］WU J,HUANG K,WANG Y L,et al.An interior space evacuation model based on heat conduction［J］.Physica Scripta,2019,94(2):025202.
［9］LI Z H,XU W T.Pedestrian evacuation within limited-space buildings based on different exit design schemes［J］.Safety Science,2020,124:104575.
［10］HURLEY M J.SFPE handbook of fire protection engineering［M］.New York:Springer New York,2015.
［11］SHEN Y,WANG Q S,YAN W G,et al.Evacuation processes of different genders in different visibility conditions-an experimental study［J］.Procedia Engineering,2014,71：65-74.
［12］黄浩,李波.KTV受限空间火灾及人员疏散模拟［J］.消防科学与技术,2013,32(2):136-139.
HUANG Hao,LI Bo.Simulation of KTV confined space fires and personnel evacuation ［J］.Fire Science and Technology,2013,32 (2):136-139.
［13］ZHU K J,ZHOU Z C,CHEN F F,et al.Assessing evacuation performance of pedestrians within narrow seated spaces［J］.Safety Science,2023,160：106046.
［14］中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.建筑防烟排烟系统技术标准:GB 51251—2017［S］.北京:中国计划出版社,2018.
［15］李胜利,李孝斌.FDS火灾数值模拟［M］.北京:化学工业出版社,2019:54-55.
［16］中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.建筑设计防火规范(2018年版):GB 50016—2014［S］.北京:中国计划出版社,2018.
相似文献/References:
[1]肖国清,姚泽胜,邓洪波,等.基于FDS的加油站便利店火灾模拟[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2018,14(1):143.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2018.01.023]
XIAO Guoqing,YAO Zesheng,DENG Hongbo,et al.Simulation on fire in convenience store of gas station based on FDS[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2018,14(5):143.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2018.01.023]
[2]李丹辰,刘畅,周志杰,等.地铁四线换乘枢纽高峰客流火灾疏散模拟研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2019,15(9):12.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2019.09.002]
LI Danchen,LIU Chang,ZHOU Zhijie,et al.Study on fire evacuation simulation of peak passenger flow at fourline transfer hub metro station[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2019,15(5):12.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2019.09.002]
[3]袁春燕,王坤,陈虹燕,等.基于人员心理-环境因素的火灾疏散速度修正方法研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2020,16(7):112.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2020.07.018]
YUAN Chunyan,WANG Kun,CHEN Hongyan,et al.Study on correction method of fire evacuation speed based on personnel psychological and environmental factors[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2020,16(5):112.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2020.07.018]
[4]周慧,代张音,张路,等.疫情管控期间公共场所火灾疏散研究*[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2022,18(10):175.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2022.10.026]
ZHOU Hui,DAI Zhangyin,ZHANG Lu,et al.Study on fire evacuation in public places during COVID-19 epidemic control[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2022,18(5):175.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2022.10.026]
备注/Memo
- 备注/Memo:
-
收稿日期： 2023-12-25
* 基金项目： 陕西省社科界重大理论与现实问题研究联合项目（2023HZ1473）
作者简介： 李华，博士，副教授，主要研究方向为企业风险评估与安全管理、公共安全与应急管理。
