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[1]陈海涛,刘占,张立红,等.低可见度情况下从众行为对疏散的影响分析[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2016,12(8):165-170.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2016.08.028]
　CHEN Haitao,LIU Zhan,ZHANG Lihong,et al.Influence of herd behavior on evacuation under limited visibility[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2016,12(8):165-170.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2016.08.028]
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低可见度情况下从众行为对疏散的影响分析
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《中国安全生产科学技术》[ISSN:1673-193X/CN:11-5335/TB]

卷:
12
期数:
2016年8期
页码:
165-170
栏目:
现代职业安全卫生管理与技术
出版日期:
2016-08-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Influence of herd behavior on evacuation under limited visibility
作者:
陈海涛1; 2; 刘占1; 张立红1; 王尊志1; 杨鹏3
（1.中国人民武装警察部队学院，河北 廊坊 065000;2.灭火救援技术公安部重点实验室，河北 廊坊 065000; 3.北京科技大学 土木与环境工程学院，北京 100083）
Author(s):
CHEN Haitao1; 2;  LIU Zhan1;  ZHANG Lihong1;  WANG Zunzhi1;  YANG Peng3
(1. The Chinese People's Armed Police Force Academy, Langfang Hebei 065000, China; 2. Ministry of Public Security Key Laboratory of Fire Fighting and Rescuing Technology, Langfang Hebei 065000, China; 3. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China)
关键词:
公共安全; 安全疏散; 从众行为; 普遍性从众; 理性从众; 盲目从众
Keywords:
public safety;  safety evacuation;  herd behavior;  universal herd;  rational herd;  blind herd
分类号:
TP301； X9
DOI:
10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2016.08.028
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
在火灾等紧急情况下，可见度较低时的行人疏散与正常时的疏散情况有明显的区 别。基于前人成果的基础上，通过引入从众效应阐述了可见度较低时的元胞自动机疏散 理论模型，并定义区分了普遍性从众、理性从众和盲目从众。研究结果表明：理性从众 对疏散能够起到良好的优化作用；盲目从众对疏散的作用效果具有不可预测性，在某些 情况下盲目从众甚至会对疏散起到严重阻碍的作用。因此，建议在条件允许的条件下积 极采用理性从众的行为方式，尽量避免采用盲目从众。研究还发现，理性从众对疏散的 优化效果基本不受初始行人数量、出口宽度和可视距离的影响。
Abstract:
In emergencies such as fire, pedestrian evacuation under limited visibility is significantly different from normal situation. On the basis of previous studies, a cellular automata evacuation theoretical model for limited visibility was presented by introducing into the herd effect, and the universal herd, rational herd and blind herd were defined and distinguished. The results showed that the rational herd can play a good optimization role for evacuation, while the role of blind herd for evacuation has a unpredictability, in some cases, the blind herd even plays a severe block role for evacuation. So it was suggested to actively adopt the behavior way of rational herd if the conditions allow, and try to avoid adopting the blind herd. In further research, it was found that the optimization effect of rational herd on evacuation is basically not affected by the initial pedestrian number, exit width and visible distance.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(Z2014002); 灭火救援技术公安部重 点实验室开放课题(KF201505);中国人民武装警察部队学院博士科研计划课题
更新日期/Last Update: 2016-08-30