|本期目录/Table of Contents|

[1]张敏,徐李卉,刘拓,等.我国医护人员职业卫生防护体系研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2018,14(5):51-60.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2018.05.008]
　ZHANG Min,XU Lihui,LIU Tuo,et al.Study on occupational health protection system for healthcare workers in China[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2018,14(5):51-60.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2018.05.008]
点击复制

我国医护人员职业卫生防护体系研究()
分享到：

《中国安全生产科学技术》[ISSN:1673-193X/CN:11-5335/TB]

卷:
14
期数:
2018年5期
页码:
51-60
栏目:
学术论著
出版日期:
2018-05-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Study on occupational health protection system for healthcare workers in China
文章编号:
1673-193X(2018)-05-0051-10
作者:
张敏1; 徐李卉2; 刘拓3; 李祈4; 陈亮5; 石春兰6
（1.中国医学科学院/北京协和医学院公共卫生学院；2.索邦巴黎西岱大学 卫生法律、政策、经济、管理博士生院，；3.中国疾病预防控制中心 职业卫生所；4.湖南省职业病防治院；5.福建省疾病预防控制中心；6.北京市朝阳区卫生和计划生育监督所）
Author(s):
ZHANG Min1;  XU Lihui2;  LIU Tuo3;  Li Qi4;  CHEN Liang5;  SHI Chunlan6
(1.School of Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS)/ Peking Union Medical College (PUMC);2.Doctoral School of Law, Policy, Economics and Management (in Health), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC);3.National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control (NIOH), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC);4.Hunan Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Disease;5.Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention)
关键词:
医护人员; 职业卫生; 职业防护; 管理体系; 职业病; 职业卫生标准
Keywords:
healthcare worker;  occupational health;  occupational protection;  management system;  occupational disease;  occupational health standard
分类号:
X96;R13
DOI:
10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2018.05.008
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
通过对持续贯彻国家职业卫生标准GBZ/T 213—2008《血源性病原体职业接触防护导则》的多项产出进行归纳总结，研究我国医护人员职业卫生防护体系发展对策。 概述我国医护人员职业卫生防护体系建设的形成过程及其进展，选择国际权威的相关技术指南、公约和技术工具，与中国医护人员的职业卫生防护现状进行比较研究。 结果表明：我国医护人员职业卫生防护需求涵盖了物理性、化学性、生物性的有害因素和工效学因素等方面；我国医护人员职业卫生防护发展可分为3个阶段；随着GBZ/T 213—2008《血源性病原体职业接触防护导则》的发布施行，我国医护人员职业卫生防护工作取得阶段性成效，但后续工作的优先项目与国际比较，仍存在不足。最后，从国际、国家和医疗卫生机构3个层面提出加强我国医护人员职业卫生防护发展策略。
Abstract:
The development countermeasures of the occupational health protection system for the healthcare workers in China were studied through summarizing the multiple output in the continuous implementation of GBZ/T 213-2008 Guideline for prevention and control for occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogen as a national occupational health standard. The formation process and progress in the construction of the occupational health protection system for the healthcare workers in China were overviewed, and the relevant technical guidelines, conventions and technical tools with international authority were selected and compared with the current status of occupational health protection for the healthcare workers in China. The results showed that the requirements of occupational health protection for the healthcare workers in China covered the physical, chemical and biological hazard factors, ergonomic factors and other aspects. The development of occupational health protection for the healthcare workers in China could be divided into three stages. Along with the implementation of GBZ/T 213-2008, the work of occupational health protection for the healthcare workers in China achieved the stage achievement. Nevertheless, the priority projects of the following work had the deficiency compared with the international experience. The development strategies of strengthening the occupational health protection for the healthcare workers in China were put forward from three levels of international, national, and medical and health institutions.

参考文献/References:

［1］张敏,鲁洋,杜燮祎,等.医护人员职业卫生防护的政策法规标准与技术工具:系统性梳理和政策性建议［J］.中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,2014,32(8):633-640.ZHANG Min, LU Yang, DU Xieyi, et al. Policies, regulations, standards and technical tools for occupational health of healthcare worker: Systematic analysis and policy recommendations［J］. Chinese Journal of Industrial Hgiene and Occupational Diseases, 2014,32(8):633-640.
［2］刘拓,张敏,徐李卉,等.中国医疗机构工作场所暴力防治法律法规体系梳理［J］.中国职业医学,2017,44(3):290-296.LIU Tuo, ZHANG Min, XU Lihui, et al. Systematic analysis on legal system of workplace violence prevention and control in Chinese medical institutions［J］. China Occupational Medicine, 2017, 44(3):290-296.
［3］国际劳工组织,世界卫生组织.改善医护人员工作条件行动手册［Z］.张敏,译.北京:科学出版社,2015.
［4］国际劳工组织,世界卫生组织.改善医护人员工作条件师资指南［Z］.张敏,译.北京:科学出版社,2015.
［5］国际劳工局,国际工效学学会.工效学检查要点:改善职业安全卫生和工作条件提高劳动生产率实用“工具包”［R］.张敏,译.2版.科学出版社,2015.
［6］中国性病艾滋病防治协会医护人员职业卫生防护工作委员会.关于召开“医护人员职业卫生防护学术交流会”暨《改善医护人员工作条件》（HealthWISE TOT）第三期师资培训班的通知（第一轮）［Z］. 北京: 中国性病艾滋病防治协会医护人员职业卫生防护工作委员会,2017.
［7］陈亮,张敏,缪剑影,等.福建省部分医护人员锐器伤害防护知识和措施调查［J］.海峡预防医学杂志,2007,13(3):14-16.CHEN Liang,ZHANG Min,MIAO Jianying,et al.Study on Injuries of Sharp Objects in Health Care Workers in Fujian Province［J］.Strait Journal of Preventive Medicine,2007,13(3):14-16.
［8］石春兰,张敏,申翠华.某大型综合医院护理人员针刺及其他锐器损伤状况调查［J］.中国安全生产科学技术,2011,7(12):168-174.SHI Chunlan, ZHANG Min, SHEN Cuihua, et al. Study on status of needle-stick and other sharps injuries among hospital-based nurses in a general hospital［J］. Journal of Safety Science and Technology, 2011, 7(12):168-174.
［9］石春兰,张敏,解晨.某大型综合医院医护人员针刺及其他锐器损伤情况［J］.中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,2011,29(12):939-943.SHI Chunlan, ZHANG Min, XIE Chen, et al. Study on status of nee dle-stick and other sharps injuries among healthcare workers in a general hospital［J］. Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, 2011,29(12):939-943.
［10］李文捷,张敏,石春兰,等.某大型综合医院血源性病原体职业接触干预研究［J］.中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,2017,35(1):34-41.LI Wenjie, ZHANG Min, SHI Chunlan, et al. Study on intervention of bloodborne pathogen exposure in a general hospital［J］. Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, 2017,35(1): 34-41.
［11］张敏,徐李卉,刘拓,等.医院系统性职业卫生防护自律模式：保护医护人员健康的倡导与实践［J］.中国护理管理,2018,18(2):145-149.ZHANG Min,XU Lihui,LIU Tuo,et al.Model of Hospital Initiative on Systematic Occupational Health: from advocacy to practice of health protection for healthcare workers［J］.Chinese Nursing Management,2018,18(2):145-149.
［12］吴锋耀,董文逸,韦彩云,等.艾滋病高发地区传染病医院医护人员职业卫生防护体系建设［J］.中国护理管理,2018,18(2):150-153.WU Fengyao, DONG Wenyi, WEI Caiyun, et al. Construction of occupational safety system in hospitals for infectious disease in high incidence areas of AIDS［J］.Chinese Nursing Management,2018,18(2):150-153.
［13］张水军,张红飞,孙利谦,等.大型综合医院医务人员职业接触防护实践［J］.中国护理管理,2018,18(2):154-158.ZHANG Shuijun, ZHANG Hongfei, SUN Liqian, et al.Practice of occupational exposure protection for medical staff in a large general hospital［J］.Chinese Nursing Management,2018,18(2):154-158.
［14］汪莉,李建民,甘泳江,等.项目管理应用于医护人员职业卫生防护的实践［J］.中国护理管理,2018,18(2):158-161.WANG Li, LI Jianmin, GAN Yongjiang, et al.Practice of project management applied to occupational health protection of medical staff［J］.Chinese Nursing Management,2018,18(2):158-161.
［15］邹艳辉,胡依娜,向桂萍,等.HealthWISE行动手册在医疗机构的应用［J］.中国护理管理,2018,18(2):162-166.ZOU Yanhui, HU Yina, XIANG Guiping, et al.Implementation of HealthWISE in health institutions［J］.Chinese Nursing Management,2018,18(2):162-166.
［16］High-Level Commission on Health Employment and Economic Growth. Working for health and growth: investing in the health workforce［Z］.Geneva: WHO Press,2016.
［17］High-Level Commission on Health Employment and Economic Growth.UN Commission: new investments in global health workforce will create jobs and drive economic growth［Z］. Geneva: WHO Press,2016.
［18］World Health Organization. Human resources for health and implementation of the outcomes of the United Nations’ High-Level Commission on Health Employment and Economic Growth［Z］. Geneva:WHO Press:2017.
［19］InternationalLabour Organization. Improving employment and working conditions in health services: TMIEWHS/2017［Z］. Geneva:International Labour Office,2017.
［20］World Health Organization. Fourth global forum on human resources for health: poster abstracts［R］. Geneva:WHO Press:2017.
［21］国家卫生和计划生育委员会,中华人民共和国人力资源社会保障部,国家安全生产监督管理总局,全国总工会.国家卫生计生委等4部门关于印发《职业病分类和目录》的通知［S/OL］. (2013-12-31)［2018-03-30］. http://www.chinacdc.cn/gwswxx/zywss/201312/t20131231_92086.htm.
［22］国际劳工组织.职业病的鉴别和认定:将疾病列入国际劳工组织职业病目录的标准［S］.张敏,译.北京:中国科学技术出版社,2012.
［23］Deutsche Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung(DGUV). Guidelines for Occupational Medical Examinations(2nd Rivsed Edition)［Z］. Aulendorf:German Social Accident Insurance,2014.
［24］International Labour Organization. C149-Nursing Personnel Convention, 1977 (No.149). Convention concening Employment and Conditions of Work and Life of Nursing Personnel (Entry into force: 11 Jul 1979)［S］. Geneva:International Labour Office,1977.
［25］International Labour Organization. R157-Nursing personnel recommendation,1977 (No.157) . Recommendation concerning Employment and Conditions of Work and Life of Nursing Personnel［S］. Geneva:International Labour Office,1977.
［26］International Labour Organization. C155-Occupational safety and health convention,1981 (No.155). Convention concerning Occupational Safety and Health and the Working Environment (Entry into force:11 Aug 1983)［S］.Geneva:International Labour Office,1983.
［27］International Labour Organization. R164-Occupational safety and health recommendation,1981 (No.164). Recommendation concerning Occupational Safety and Health and the Working Environment［S］. Geneva:International Labour Office,1981.
［28］International Labour Organization. C161-Occupational health services convention,1985 (No.161). Convention concerning Occupational Health Services (Entry into force:17 Feb 1988)［S］. Geneva:International Labour Office,1988.
［29］International Labour Organization. R171-Occupational Health Services Recommendation,1985 (No.171). Recommendation concerning Occupational Health Services ［S］. Geneva:International Labour Office,1985.
［30］World Health Organization. Global strategy on occupational health for all:the way to health at work［Z］. Geneva:WHO,1995.
［31］International Labour Organization. Decent work［Z］. Geneva:International Labour Office,2017.
［32］International Labour Organization. R194-List of occupational diseases recommendation, 2002 (No.194). Recommendation concerning the List of Occupational Diseases and the Recording and Notification of Occupational Accidents and Diseases［S］. Geneva:International Labour Office,2002.
［33］PRSS-STN A, RAPITI E, HUTIN Y. Global burden of disease from sharps injuries to health-care workers［Z］. Geneva:WHO,2003.
［34］International Labour Organization. Workplace violence in services sectors and measures to combat this phenomenon［Z］. Geneva:International Labour Office,2003.
［35］RAPITI E, PRSS-STN A, HUTINY. Environmental burden of disease series, No. 11. Sharps injuries:Assessing the burden of disease from sharps injuries to health-care workers at national and local levels［Z］. Geneva:WHO,2005.
［36］International Labour Organization, International Council of Nurses, World Health Organization, et al. Framework guidelines for addressing:workplace violence in the health sector［Z］. Geneva:International Labour Office,2002.
［37］世界卫生组织.劳动者健康全球行动计划(2008—2017年)［Z］. Geneva:WHO,2007.
［38］World Health Organization. Workers’ health:global plan of action［Z］. Geneva:WHO Press:2007.
［39］World Health Organization, International Labour Organization. Joint WHO/ILO guidelines on post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) to prevent HIV infection ［Z］. Geneva:WHO Press:2007.
［40］International Labour Organization. Work Improvements in Small Enterprises (WISE)［Z］. Geneva:International Labour Office,2009.
［41］World Health Organization, International Labour Organization, United Nations envoy on AIDS. The joint WHO-ILO-UNAIDS policy guidelines on improving health worker’s access to HIV and TB prevention, treatment, care and supports services［R］. Geneva:International Labour Office,2010.
［42］International Labour Organization, World Health Organization. Global framework for national occupational health programmes for health workers［R］. Geneva:International Labour Office,2010.
［43］International Labour Organization. R200-HIV and AIDS recommendation, 2010 (No. 200). Recommendation concerning HIV and AIDS and the World of Work［R］. Geneva:International Labour Office,2010.
［44］International Labour Organization. Stress prevention at work check points. Practical improvements for stress prevention in the workplace［Z］. Geneva:International Labour Office,2012.
［45］World Health Organization. Global action plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable dieseases 2013-2020［Z］. Geneva:WHO Press,2013.
［46］World Health Organization. Global strategy on human resources for health:Workforce 2030［Z］. Geneva:WHO Press,2016.
［47］世界卫生组织,国际劳工组织,经济合作与发展组织.联合国高级别委员会：对全球卫生人力做出新投资将创造就业岗位并推动经济增长［R］. Geneva:WHO Press,2016.
［48］世界卫生组织,联合国.关于在卫生保健环境中消除歧视的联合声明［Z］. Geneva:WHO Press,2017.
［49］International Labour Organization, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, World Health Organization. “Working for Health”:a five-year action plan for health employment and inclusive economic growth (2017-2021)［Z］. Geneva:International Labour Office,2017.
［50］陈娜,张敏.从这里出发,到达更远的彼岸——都柏林卫生人力资源宣言：建设未来卫生人力队伍［J］.中国护理管理,2017,18(1):1-2,6CHEN Na, ZHANG Min. Dublin Declaration on Human Resources for Health:Building the Health Workforce of the Future “That further shore is reachable from here”［J］.Chinese Nursing Management,2017,18(1):1-2,6
［51］World Health Organization. Fourth Global Forum on Human Resources for Health. Dublin Declaration on Human Resources for Health:Building the Health Workforce of the Future［Z］. Geneva:WHO Press,2017.
［52］International Labour Organization, World Health Organization. Joint ILO/WHO Tripartite Working Party of Experts on Occupational Health. HIV/AIDS & TB for Health Services Workers 2010, ILO/WHO Joint Global Frame work for National Occupational Health Programmes for Health Workers［Z］. Geneva:International Labour Office,2010.

相似文献/References:

[1]杜燮祎,张敏.我国职业卫生信息化发展趋势探讨[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2010,6(4):128.
　DU Xie-yi,ZHANG Min.State of the trends of occupational health information from the construction of NIOHP website[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2010,6(5):128.
[2]石春兰,张敏.医护人员血源性病原体职业危害研究进展[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2010,6(1):112.
　SHI Chun-lan,ZHANG Min.Research development of occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens in healthcare workers[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2010,6(5):112.
[3]张兴凯.我国生产安全卫生法律法规体系形成的标志[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2013,9(4):51.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2013.04.009]
　ZHANG Xing kai.Mark of the formation of the legal system of work safety and health in production in China[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2013,9(5):51.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2013.04.009]
[4]张兴凯.我国生产安全卫生法律法规体系的特点[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2013,9(5):52.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2013.05.010]
　ZHANG Xing kai.The characteristics of the laws and regulations system of work safety and health in production in China[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2013,9(5):52.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2013.05.010]
[5]戚作秋,白彩军,王有为,等.我国职业卫生法规标准化体系现状分析及建议[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2014,10(3):145.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2014.03.025]
　QI Zuo qiu,BAI Cai jun,WANG You wei,et al.Analysis and suggestions on present situation of occupation health regulation and standard system in China[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2014,10(5):145.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2014.03.025]
[6]杜欢永.职业卫生定性风险评价方法的研究*[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2009,5(4):70.
　DU Huan yong.Study on qualitative risk assessment of occupational Hygiene[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2009,5(5):70.
[7]杨兆春.我国职业卫生检测能力实验室间比对结果分析[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2018,14(1):106.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2018.01.017]
　YANG Zhaochun.Analysis on inter-laboratory comparison results of occupational health detection capability in China[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2018,14(5):106.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2018.01.017]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
中国性病艾滋病防治协会与国际劳工组织改善医护人员工作条件合作项目（2017-GA-03/CHN179）
更新日期/Last Update: