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《中国安全生产科学技术》[ISSN:1673-193X/CN:11-5335/TB]

卷:

21

期数:

2025年11期

页码:

141-149

栏目:

职业安全卫生管理与技术

出版日期:

2025-11-30

文章信息/Info

Title:

Experimental study on deformation and fracture evolution characteristics of composite layered rock mass

文章编号:

1673-193X(2025)-11-0141-09

作者:

张智纲; 李顺红; 邵景干; 王俊超; 周喻

（1.河南省卢华高速公路有限公司，河南 三门峡 472200；
2.河南交院工程技术集团有限公司 绿色高性能材料应用技术交通运输行业研发中心，河南 郑州 451460；
3.河南交通职业技术学院，河南 郑州 451460；
4.北京科技大学 资源与安全工程学院，北京 100083）

Author(s):

ZHANG Zhigang;  LI Shunhong;  SHAO Jinggan;  WANG Junchao;  ZHOU Yu

（1.Henan Luhua Expressway Co.,Ltd.,Sanmenxia Henan 472200,China;
2.Research and Development Center of Transport Industry of Application Technology of High Performance Green Materials,Henan Jiaoyuan Engineering Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou Henan 451460,China；
3.Henan College of Transportation,Zhengzhou Henan 451460,China;
4.School of Resources and Safety Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China）

关键词:

软弱夹层; 组合岩体; 变形破裂; 数字散斑; 声发射

Keywords:

weak interlayer;  combined rock mass;  deformation and fracture;  digital speckle;  acoustic emission

分类号:

X936；TU45

DOI:

10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2025.11.017

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

为揭示复合层状岩体边坡的失稳机制，基于数字散斑图像(DSCM)与声发射监测技术(AE)，系统研究复合层状岩体变形破坏全过程。研究结果表明：弱层倾角θ增大显著改变了夹层交界面应力分布，导致岩体法向应力降低、下游压应力集中及临空侧边缘区向滑移状态转化。当θ=0°时，界面劈裂主导硬岩竖向开裂；当θ=15°~30°时，弱层强化控制作用形成共轭剪切-张拉贯通带；当θ≥45°时，弱层控制作用弱化，破坏模式退化为近似均质剪切破坏。同时，θ增大导致岩体单轴抗压强度与弹性模量呈现差异化衰减，其中单轴抗压强度衰减率显著高于弹性模量。在θ≤30°时，承载机制由硬岩主导，弹性模量衰减<5%；然而当θ>30°后，弱层法向刚度失效触发弹性模量突变。声发射演化过程的3阶段特征也受θ调控：θ=0°时仅见硬岩区零星微破裂；θ≥15°后，震源则沿弱层定向排列且硬岩活动受到抑制，声发射演化过程揭示能量释放路径向弱层迁移的倾角效应。研究结果可为公路复合层状岩体边坡的稳定性评价和动态监测阈值优化提供关键理论支撑。

Abstract:

In order to reveal the instability mechanism of composite layered rock mass slopes,this study systematically investigated the entire deformation and failure process of composite layered rock mass using digital speckle correlation method (DSCM) and acoustic emission (AE) testing techniques.The results demonstrate that an increase in the weak-layer dip angle θ markedly alters the stress distribution at the interlayer interface.Consequently,the normal stress in the rock mass is reduced,compressive stress becomes concentrated downstream,and the edge zone adjacent to the free face transitions toward a slip state.When θ=0°,interface fracturing dominates,thereby inducing vertical cracking in the hard rock.When θ=15°-30°,the controlling effect of the weak layer intensifies,forming a conjugate shear-tension through-going band.When θ≥45°,the controlling effect of the weak layer weakens and the failure mode degrades to an approximately homogeneous shear failure.Simultaneously,increasing θ leads to differentiated attenuation of the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and the elastic modulus (E) of the rock mass,with the UCS attenuation rate being significantly higher than that of the modulus.For θ≤30°,the load-bearing mechanism is hard-rock dominated and the attenuation of E is <5%.However,when θ>30°,failure of weak layer normal stiffness triggers a sudden change in E.The three-stage evolution of AE is also governed by θ.When θ=0°,only sporadic micro-fractures occur in the hard-rock zone.After θ≥15°,the AE sources align preferentially along the weak layer,whereas AE activity in the hard-rock zone is suppressed.The evolution of AE reveals a dip-angle effect that drives the energy release path toward the weak layer.These findings provide essential theoretical support for assessing the stability of highway composite layered rock mass slopes and for optimizing dynamic monitoring thresholds.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期： 2025-07-11
* 基金项目： 河南省交通运输厅科技项目(2021J4)
作者简介： 张智纲，硕士，工程师，主要研究方向为道路与桥梁工程。
通信作者： 李顺红，本科，高级工程师，主要研究方向为道路与桥梁工程。

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更新日期/Last Update: 2025-12-03