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[1]郑霞忠,张明,陈国梁,等.多层建筑楼梯疏散宽度组合仿真研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2020,16(5):136-142.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2020.05.021]
　ZHENG Xiazhong,ZHANG Ming,CHEN Guoliang,et al.Simulation study on combination of staircase width for evacuation in multistorey building[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2020,16(5):136-142.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2020.05.021]
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多层建筑楼梯疏散宽度组合仿真研究
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《中国安全生产科学技术》[ISSN:1673-193X/CN:11-5335/TB]

卷:
16
期数:
2020年5期
页码:
136-142
栏目:
职业安全卫生管理与技术
出版日期:
2020-05-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Simulation study on combination of staircase width for evacuation in multistorey building
文章编号:
1673-193X(2020)-05-0136-07
作者:
郑霞忠; 张明; 陈国梁; 仝立杨; 周佳丽
(1.三峡大学 水利与环境学院，湖北 宜昌 443002；
2.三峡大学 安全生产标准化评审中心，湖北 宜昌 443002）
Author(s):
ZHENG Xiazhong;  ZHANG Ming;  CHEN Guoliang;  TONG Liyang;  ZHOU Jiali
(1.College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering,Three Gorges University,Yichang Hubei 443002,China;
2.Center of Standardization Evaluation for Production Safety,Three Gorges University,Yichang Hubei 443002,China)
关键词:
应急疏散; 社会力模型; 多层建筑; 楼梯宽度组合; 汇流时间
Keywords:
emergency evacuation;  social force model;  multistorey building;  staircase width combination;  confluence time
分类号:
X913.4
DOI:
10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2020.05.021
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为探究事故发生时楼梯宽度对多层建筑疏散效率的影响，结合多层建筑楼梯疏散特点，建立多层建筑楼梯疏散模型。基于多层建筑疏散过程，以社会力模型为基础，分析多层建筑行人疏散方式，构建楼梯疏散汇流模型；计算各楼层行人汇流时间以及楼梯汇流疏散效率；以某多层教学楼为仿真案例，构建不同楼梯宽度组合疏散场景，仿真多层建筑物疏散过程，获取各楼层汇流时间及楼梯疏散效率。结果表明：楼层平台汇流持续时间与楼层所在位置正相关，楼层所在位置越高，汇流持续时间越长；低楼层楼梯宽度增加有利于优化中间楼层行人汇流作用，提高多层建筑疏散效率，而高楼层楼梯宽度增加则会加剧中间楼层行人汇流对疏散的不利影响，降低多层建筑疏散效率。
Abstract:
To investigate the influence of staircase width on the evacuation efficiency of multistorey building in accident,a model of staircase evacuation in the multistorey building was established based on the evacuation characteristics of the multistorey building.Firstly,based on the evacuation process of multistorey building,the evacuation patterns of pedestrian in the multistorey building were analyzed based on the social force model,and a confluence model of staircase evacuation was constructed.Secondly,the confluence time of pedestrian in each storey was calculated to characterize the evacuation efficiency of the staircase confluence.Finally,the evacuation scenarios under different staircase width combination were constructed by taking a multistorey teaching building as the simulation case.The evacuation process of multistorey building was simulated,and the confluence time of each storey and the staircase evacuation efficiency were obtained.The results showed that the confluence duration of storey platform had a positive correlation with the location of storey,the higher the location of storey,the longer the confluence duration.The increase of the staircase width in the low storey was beneficial to optimize the pedestrian confluence effect of the middle storeys,and improve the evacuation efficiency of multistorey building,while the increase of the staircase width in the high storey would aggravate the adverse effects of pedestrian confluence in the middle storeys on the evacuation,and reduce the evacuation efficiency of multistorey building.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期： 2020-01-09；网络首发日期： 2020-05-28
* 基金项目： 国家自然科学基金项目（51878385）；三峡大学论文培优基金项目 (2019SSPY014)
作者简介： 郑霞忠，博士，教授，主要研究方向为工程项目管理及安全管理。
通信作者： 陈国梁，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为应急疏散。
更新日期/Last Update: 2020-06-10