基于领导生命周期理论的民航飞行机组搭配问题-《中国安全生产科学技术》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Research on civil aviation flight crew arranging based on  life cycle theory of leadership

Author(s):: GAO Yang; WANG Ya xuan; (Research Institute of Civil Aviation Safety, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China)

Keywords:: crew resource management(CRM); crew arranging; sixteen personality factor questionnaire(16PF); life cycle theory of leadership; cluster analysis

摘要:: 为更合理地调配民航飞行机组、减少因驾驶舱交流和监督不良造成的飞行事故，采取聚类方法分析机长与副驾驶的卡特尔16PF人格特征问卷（16PF）测试数据，结合领导生命周期理论从人格特征角度研究飞行机组搭配和管理方式。经数据分析后将人格特征因子分为外向宜人性和领导决策性两类，根据这两个分类维度分别将机长与副驾驶分为四种类型并给出分类指标和解释，可以判断机长管理方式倾向和不同类型副驾驶的表现特征。对不同管理倾向机长与不同类型副驾驶的搭配及管理方式提出建议；对直陈性差的顺从型副驾驶提出更有针对性的改善驾驶舱协助交流的训练建议，能改善机组资源管理（CRM）、预防飞行机组不安全行为。

Abstract:: In order to reduce flight accidents caused by communication and supervision in cockpit, and arrange civil aviation flight more reasonably, taking pilots’ personality into consideration when air operators arrange flight crew is important. The crew arranging and style of captain management were studied through taking the life cycle theory of leadership as the guideline, and combining with sixteen personality factor questionnaire(16PF) test data of captains and first officers. After processing 16PF data by cluster analysis, the extrovertagreeableness and workingdeterminism as two personality categories were finally decided. Then captains and first officers were respectively put into high or low score group by these categories, and the detailed meanings of groups are provided. Based on the cluster analysis result the inclination to management of captains and the performance characteristic of different types of first officers were estimated. This research provides recommendations about haw to arrange the flight crew for different personalistic pilots, and recommendations about which style of management is better suited different personalistic first offices, and more specific training suggestions which improve the cockpit communication and collaboration to first officer be of obedient type. It can prevent unsafety behavior, improve Crew Resource Management（CRM）and flight safety management