尾矿高浓度排放技术的发展概况及展望-《中国安全生产科学技术》

文章信息/Info

Title:: General development and prospect of tailings high-density discharge technology

Author(s):: YANG Sheng-kai; WANG Hong-jiang; WU Ai-xiang; AI Chun-ming; University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China

Keywords:: paste discharge; tailings dewatering; slurry transportation; tailings deposition; beach slope prediction

摘要:: 对于尾矿传统湿排技术来说,不仅坝体的稳定性差,对环境也有极大的影响,然而高浓度排放技术有效地缓解或解决了这些问题。文章从尾矿脱水、料浆输送和尾矿沉积等多方面,介绍了高浓度排放国内外发展情况,如多段式到一段式脱水和脱水设备的发展、泵压输送中泵送设备的类型,以及尾矿沉积中排放口的布置方式等。介绍了边坡角预测理论,主要包括Blight和Bentel边坡角预测模型、Kupper提出的边坡角经验公式,以及Sofra和Boger提出的边坡角经验公式。指出了高浓度排放技术存在的问题,如膏体的定义不清晰、高浓度排放的适用条件、沉积裂缝和边坡角预测模型不精确。最后总结了高浓度排放的发展趋势,如膏体排放模式、排放口的中央式布置和设备选型,如高浓度底流和处理量的脱水设备,以及高压高效率的泵送设备等。

Abstract:: In the case of traditional wet discharge technology of tailing,it has not only poor stability,but also detrimental impact on environment,However,high-dengsity discharge technology has mitigated or solved these problems effectively. In this article the development of high-dengsity discharge technology both at home and abroad were intraduced in terms of tailings dewatering,tailings slurry transportation,deposition and other aspects,for instance,the development of dewatering from multi-stage to one-stage and dewatering installations,different types of pumping installations in pumping transport,and the way of arranging discharge pipeline,etc. The slope angle prediction theory was presented,mainly including Blight & Bentel slope prediction model,slope angle emprical formula raised by Kupper,also slope angle emprical formula raised by Sofra & Boger. The problems existed in high-density discharge were indicated,for example,the defination of paste being unclear,the applicable conditions of High-density Discharge,deposition crack and the inaccurateness of prediction model. At last,the development trend of high-dengsity discharge was summarized,such as paste discharge,centralized discharge arrangement and equipment selection,for instance,dewatering installations with high density underset and large handling capacity,also high pressure and efficiency pumping installations,et al.