盐酸罐体车洒漏原因确定分析-《中国安全生产科学技术》

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Author(s):: WANG Shujiang; （School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012,China)

摘要:: 盐酸异地运送多采用碳钢外壳、内衬防腐层的罐体车。根据罐体车内部衬里断裂，外壳底部洒漏盐酸的事实，分析了其内部衬里断裂的各种可能原因。通过聚乙烯（PE）加工冷却收缩、受温度影响收缩等理论计算及内应力实验检测，并经综合分析，确定了罐体盐酸洒漏的原因。由于罐体较长，加工中未对聚乙烯熔体冷凝时产生的内应力进行有效消除，外加使用时温度因素，内衬与外壳分离，并且间隙过大，车体行进中，内衬承受不了强劲的液体盐酸冲击而断裂，盐酸从衬里裂缝进入夹层中，腐蚀碳钢外壳，导致盐酸洒漏

Abstract:: The steel casing, liner anticorrosion layer tank vehicle usually has been taken in different places in the transportation process of hydrochloric acid. According to the facts that tank car interior lining fracture and the bottom of the casing leakage, the various possible causes of the internal lining fracture were analyzed. Through the calculation of polyethylene ( PE ) shrinkage of its cooling processing, it showed that the liner forming shrinkage degree is greater than carbon steel shell body, and the average shrinkage reaches to 10mm / m. Through the calculation of shrinkage which polyethylene is affected by environment temperature, the shrinkage is 35mm / m at – 15℃, and causes the liner and the outer shell gap larger, especially in the upper part of the tank body. By the lining stress test, the internal stress is larger. Through comprehensive analysis, the tank leakage cause of hydrochloric acid. Because the cup body is longer, the stress was not effectively eliminated and in the processing of polyethylene melt condensation was produced. In addition, in the usage of environment temperature factors, lining and shell were separated, and the gap was too large. In the moving of body, lining could not bear strong shock of liquid hydrochloric acid and caused fracture. Hydrochloric acid went into the cracks of the interlayer from the lining, carbon steel shell was corroded and lead to leakage.