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[1]石春兰,张敏,申翠华,等.某大型综合医院护理人员针刺及其他锐器损伤状况调查[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2011,7(12):168-174.
　SHI Chun-lan,ZHANG Min,SHEN Cui-hua.Study on status of needle-stick and other sharps injuries among hospital-based nurses in a general hospital[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2011,7(12):168-174.
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某大型综合医院护理人员针刺及其他锐器损伤状况调查
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《中国安全生产科学技术》[ISSN:1673-193X/CN:11-5335/TB]

卷:
7
期数:
2011年12期
页码:
168-174
栏目:
出版日期:
2011-12-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Study on status of needle-stick and other sharps injuries among hospital-based nurses in a general hospital
文章编号:
1673-193X(2011)-12-0168-07
作者:
石春兰； 张敏； 申翠华；
中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所； 山东大学附属省立医院；
Author(s):
SHI Chun-lan1; ZHANG Min1; SHEN Cui-hua2
1.National institution for occupational health and poison control,China CDC,Beijing 100050,China)(2.Shandong provincial hospital attached to Shandong University,Jinan 250021,China
关键词:
护理人员;  针刺伤;  锐器伤
Keywords:
hospital-based nurses;  needle-stick;  sharps injuries
分类号:
X92
DOI:
-
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
了解医院护理人员针刺及其他锐器损伤流行现状,为进一步开展干预研究提供线索,并为干预措施效果评价提供基线数据。采用自填式调查问卷对某大型综合医院787名临床一线护理人员在2009年1月1日至2009年12月31日期间所发生的针刺及其他锐器损伤状况进行回顾性调查。护理人员在过去一年中发生针刺及其他锐器损伤共3258人次,针刺及其他锐器损伤年人均发生次数为4.14人次/人,接触发生率(%,人/100人)为88.31。发生针刺及其他锐器损伤的高风险人群为妇产科、重症监护室、外科、急诊科护理人员,其接触发生率(%,人/100人)和年人均发生次数(人次/人)分别为95.56和5.04、95.18和3.64、92.95和4.37、84.13和5.32;引起护理人员针刺及其他锐器损伤的主要医疗操作是掰安瓿、输液结束拔针、整理用毕的锐器、静脉穿刺(采血、加药、输液)和回套针帽,其接触发生率(%,人/100人)分别为67.85、46.89、37.99、14.61和9.28。护理人员针刺及其他锐器损伤主要是由安瓿瓶、头皮针、皮下注射针、缝合针和手术刀片,其损伤接触发生率(%,人/100人)分别为67.985、6.423、7.74、6.73和2.92。护理人员仍然面临较大的针刺及其他锐器损伤风险,不同科室护理人员在不同医疗操作及医疗操作的不同阶段、使用不同医疗锐器、使用锐器的用途不同发生针刺及其他锐器损伤的风险不同,应积极采取有针对性的综合性预防控制措施,全面贯彻落实《血源性病原体职业接触防护导则》(GBZ/T 213-2008)。
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to understand current status on needle-stick and other sharps injuries in hospital-based nurses,to find evidence for intervention in next step,and to provide basic data for evaluation of interventions.A retrospective investigation was conducted among 787 nurses in a general hospital.Data was collected through self-administered questionnaires which includes essential information of each nurse and their status on needle-stick and other sharps injuries in the past year.Results The total incidence(per 100 hospital-based nurses) and the average number of episodes(per hospital-based nurse) of needle-stick and other sharps injuries was 88.31 and 4.14 in the past year,respectively.The high risk population of needle-stick and other sharps injuries are nurses in department of gynecology and obstetrics,intensive care unit,surgical department and emergency room,the incidence and the average number of episodes were 95.56 and 5.04,95.18 and 3.64,92.95 and 4.37,and 84.13 and 5.32 in the past year,respectively.The leading incidence of needle-stick and other sharps injuries was occurred in broken glass preparation(ampoule or vial),followed by withdrawing needles from patients,sorting or disposal of used sharp devices,venipuncture and recapping needles,the incidence were 67.85,46.89,37.99,14.61 and 9.28,respectively.Needle-stick and other sharps injuries were mainly caused by ampoules,winged steel needle,disposable syringes,suture needles and scalpels,the incidence were 67.98,56.42,37.74,6.73 and 2.92.Conclusion Hospital-based nurses are still at risk of exposure to needle-stick and other sharps injuries,the risk of needle-stick and other sharps injuries was different in different departments,types and stages of healthcare,sharps used and its purpose.Special and comprehensive measurements of needle-stick and other sharps injuries prevention and control should be taken actively,and Guideline for Prevention and control for occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogen(GBZ/T 213-2008)should be implemented totally.

参考文献/References:

[1] 石春兰, 张敏. 医护人员血源性病原体职业危害研究进展[J]. 中国安全生产科学技术. 2010. 6(1): 112-116.[2] Janine Jagger, Jane Perry, Ahmed Gomaa, et al. The impact of U.S. policies to protect healthcare workers from bloodborne pathogens: The critical role of safety-engineered devices [J]. Journal of Infection and Public Health. 2008. 1: 62-71.[3] 张敏, 李涛等. 血源性病原体的职业病危害控制技术[J]. 工业卫生与职业病. 2006. 32(1): 10-17. [4] 《血源性病原体职业接触防护导则》（GBZ/T 213-2008）[S].[5] 张敏.《血源性病原体职业接触防护导则》及其解读[J]. 中国护理管理. 2010. 10(7): 10-12.[6] 王立英, 戴青梅, 李法云等. 33所医院医护人员职业损伤调查分析及防护对策[J]. 护理管理杂志. 2002. 2(1): 12-14.[7] 贺锦花, 李菊英, 谢玲玲等. 260名临床护理人员针刺伤现状调查分析。中国护理管理. 2005. 5(6): 36-38.[8] 王焕强, 张敏, 李涛等. 我国医院临床护理人员职业性锐器刺伤调查[J].中华劳动卫生职业病杂志. 2009. 27(2): 65-70. [9] 张镇静, 周丽荣, 林征等. 综合性医院护理人员医疗锐器伤调查分析[J].中国护理管理. 2008. 8(10): 57-59. [10] Min Zhang, Huanqiang Wang, et al. Occupational Exposure to blood and body fluids Among Health Care Workers in a General Hospital, China [J]. American Journal of Industry Medicine. 2009. 52: 89-98.[11] Jane Perry, Janine Jagger. EPINet Report: 2001～2006 Percutaneous injury rates. International Healthcare workers Safety Center, 2003～2009. [12] 杨玉平, 姚峥, 杨莘等. 门急诊护理人员发生锐器损伤的调查与分析[J]. 护理管理杂志. 2007. 7(4): 15-17.[13] U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Workbook for Designing, Implementing, and Evaluating a Sharps Injury Prevention Program, 2008.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2011-10-17
通讯作者：张敏，女，研究员
基金项目：“十一五”国家科技支撑计划重点项目(编号:2006BAK04A11);卫生部2004年卫生标准制(修)订项目
更新日期/Last Update: 2012-02-29