|本期目录/Table of Contents|

[1]胥璇.人员非均匀分布条件下的疏散引导方向优化算法研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2011,7(8):34-37.
　XU Xuan.Study of optimization algorithm for evacuation guidance direction with non-uniform pedestrian distribution[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2011,7(8):34-37.
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人员非均匀分布条件下的疏散引导方向优化算法研究()
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《中国安全生产科学技术》[ISSN:1673-193X/CN:11-5335/TB]

卷:
7
期数:
2011年8期
页码:
34-37
栏目:
学术论著
出版日期:
2011-08-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Study of optimization algorithm for evacuation guidance direction with non-uniform pedestrian distribution
文章编号:
1673-193X(2011)-08-0034-04
作者:
胥璇
中国安全生产科学研究院交通安全研究所；
Author(s):
XU Xuan
Institute of Transportation Safety,China Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing 100012,China
关键词:
疏散引导;  优化算法;  人员分布
Keywords:
evacuation guidance;  optimization algorithm;  pedestrian distribution
分类号:
X928.03
DOI:
-
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
在紧急疏散中,疏散引导标识或疏散引导人能够帮助人员快速找到最近出口,有效减少疏散时间。疏散引导标识或人的引导方向一般是根据建筑布局情况预先进行设计,当前位置的引导方向指向最近的疏散出口。本文综合考虑了建筑布局及人员分布情况,提出了人员非均匀分布条件下的疏散引导方向优化算法。该算法以Togawa疏散时间经验公式作为估价函数,通过多次迭代的方法,求解疏散引导方向的优化值。以双出口的疏散场景为例,利用疏散软件Legion对优化前后疏散引导方向下的疏散时间进行了比较分析。结果表明,优化后的疏散引导方向能够引导人员充分利用疏散出口,疏散时间较仅考虑建筑布局所设计的疏散引导方向的模拟值降低了近四分之一,大大提高了疏散效率。
Abstract:
During the emergency evacuation,exit signs or evacuation leader can help the pedestrians to find the nearest exit rapidly and contribute to reduce evacuation time effectively.The guidance direction of the exit signs or evacuation leader is usually designed on basis of the building layout and point to the nearest exit.Considering the building layout and the pedestrian distribution,this paper proposes an optimization algorithm for the evacuation guidance direction under the condition of non-uniform pedestrian distribution.Togawa’s Empirical Formula is considered as evaluation function of the algorithm.The optimization value of the guidance direction is solved by iteration method.Using the evacuation simulation software Legion,we compare the evacuation times before and after the optimization of guidance direction with an evacuation scenario of a two-door square room.It is shown that the optimized evacuation direction makes full use of exits for the pedestrians.In contrast to the traditional algorithm of the guidance direction which is only relative to the building layout,the evacuation time reduces by nearly a quarter by use of the optimization algorithm which considers both building layout and pedestrian distribution.

参考文献/References:

[1]McAllister, T. et al. World Trade Center Building Performance Study: Data Collection, Preliminary Observations, and Recommendations[R], Federal Emergency Management Administration (FEMA),2002,Washington D.C.[2]Helbing, D., Farkas, I., Vicsek, T. Simulating dynamical features of escape panic[J]. Nature, 2000, 407(6803): 487-490[3]Muramatsu, M., Irie, T., Nagatani, T. Jamming transition in pedestrian counter flow[J]. Physica A, 1999, 267: 487-498[4]Kirchner, A., Schadschneider, A. Simulation of evacuation processes using a bionicsinspired cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics[J]. Physica A, 2002, 312: 260-276[5]Song W.G, Yu Y.F, Wang B.H, et al. Evacuation behaviors at exit in CA model with force essentials: A comparison with social force model[J]. Physica A, 2006, 371: 658-666[6]李强,崔喜红,陈晋.大型公共场所人员疏散过程及引导作用研究[J]. 自然灾害学报,2006,15(4):92-99Li Qiang, Cui Xi-hong, Chen Jin. Study on occupant evacuation process from large public facilities and effect of guidance[J]. Journal of Natural Disasters, 2006,15(4):92-99[7]崔喜红,李强,陈晋.大型公共场所动态引导人移动路径设计方法[J]. 中国安全科学学报,2008,18(11):48-54Cui Xi-hong, Li Qiang, Chen Jin. An Algorithm for the Moving Route of Evacuation Leader in Public Facilities[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2008,18(11):48-54[8]李健,杨立中,赵道亮,朱艺.基于信息传播系统的人员疏散模型探讨[J]. 中国安全科学学报,2006,16(12):35-39Li Jian, Yang Li-zhong, Zhao Dao-liang, Zhu Yi. Probe into Evacuation Model Based on Information Transfer System[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2006,16(12):35-39[9]张培红,张芸栗,梅志斌,董文辉.大型公共建筑物智能疏散路径优化自适应蚁群算法实现及应用[J]. 沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版), 2008, (6):1055-1059Zhang Pei-hong, Zhang Yun-li, Mei Zhi-bin, Dong Wen-hui. Adaptive Ant Colony Algorithm Based Evacuation Route Optimization Model and Application in Large Public Building Fire[J]. Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University(Natural Science),2008(6):1055-1059[10]Togawa, K. Study of fire escapes basing on the observation of multitude currents[R]. Building Research Institute, 1995, Tokyo

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2011-07-08
作者简介：胥旋，博士后
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目资助(编号:91024022、910240145、1074143)
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