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[1]李杏彩,刘少博,王亚飞,等.考虑礼让规则与出口切分的瓶颈处行人动力学规律研究*[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2020,16(12):37-43.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2020.12.006]
　LI Xingcai,LIU Shaobo,WANG Yafei,et al.Experimental study on pedestrian dynamics laws at bottleneck considering courtesy rules and exit splitting[J].JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,2020,16(12):37-43.[doi:10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2020.12.006]
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考虑礼让规则与出口切分的瓶颈处行人动力学规律研究*
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《中国安全生产科学技术》[ISSN:1673-193X/CN:11-5335/TB]

卷:
16
期数:
2020年12期
页码:
37-43
栏目:
学术论著
出版日期:
2020-12-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Experimental study on pedestrian dynamics laws at bottleneck considering courtesy rules and exit splitting
文章编号:
1673-193X(2020)-12-0037-07
作者:
李杏彩; 刘少博; 王亚飞; 刘梦婷; 朱伟; 周轶
（1.武汉理工大学 智能交通系统研究中心，湖北 武汉 430063；
2.武汉理工大学 国家水运安全工程技术研究中心，湖北 武汉 430063；
3.北京城市系统工程研究中心，北京 100035；
4.北京市安全生产科学技术研究院，北京 101101）
Author(s):
LI Xingcai;  LIU Shaobo;  WANG Yafei;  LIU Mengting;  ZHU Wei;  ZHOU Yi
(1.Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Center,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430063,China;
2.National Engineering Research Center for Water Transportation Safety,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430063,China;
3.Beijing Research Center of Urban Systems Engineering,Beijing 100035,China;
4.Beijing Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing 101101,China)
关键词:
行人动力学; 行人流实验; 瓶颈; 礼让规则; 出口切分
Keywords:
pedestrian dynamics;  pedestrian flow experiment;  bottleneck;  courtesy rule;  exit splitting
分类号:
X913.4；U491
DOI:
10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2020.12.006
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为研究礼让规则和出口切分对瓶颈处行人微观行为及通行效率的影响,充分调研并设计行人动力学规律实验，使用图像识别技术从采集的实验视频中获取行人运动轨迹与坐标数据。研究表明：行人平均速度与视野内行人平均最近距离呈正相关、与视野内平均人数、相对角度呈负相关；同向从众、反向避让的行人行为特征导致行人在通过瓶颈时会出现明显分层现象，平均层间距150 mm。考虑礼让规则时，通行效率与初始人员数量呈负相关，但行人反应时间间隔的不确定性导致瓶颈整体通行效率下降，适当瓶颈宽度可避免“成拱”现象发生并提高瓶颈空间利用率，进而提高通行效率；非拥挤状态下竞争规则比礼让规则的通行效率更高；将宽2 m的瓶颈划分多个出口瓶颈整体通行效率变化不大，但单个出口通行效率明显提高，且面对多出口选择时行人表现出右侧出口选择倾向性。
Abstract:
In order to study the influence of courtesy rules and exit splitting on the microscopic behavior and passing efficiency of pedestrians at the bottleneck,the experiments of pedestrian dynamics laws were fully investigated and designed,and the image recognition technology was used to obtain the movement trajectories and coordinate data of pedestrians from the collected experimental videos.The results showed that the average pedestrian pace was positively correlated with the closest distance and negatively correlated with the number of people in view and the relative angle.The pedestrians’ behavior characteristics of samedirection followership and reverse avoidance led to the significant stratification phenomenon of pedestrians passing through the bottleneck with a layer spacing of about 150 mm.The passing efficiency was negatively correlated with the initial number of persons when considering the courtesy rules,but the uncertainty of the pedestrians’ response time interval led to the decrease in the overall passing efficiency of the bottleneck.and the appropriate width of bottleneck could avoid the occurrence of “arch” phenomenon and improve the utilization of bottleneck space,thus improving the passing efficiency.The competition rules had higher passing efficiency than the courtesy rules.When considering the exit splitting,it was found that when the bottleneck with the width of 2 m was divided into multiple exits,the passing efficiency of each exit was significantly improved,and the pedestrians showed a tendency to choose the right exit when facing multiple exit choices.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期： 2020-12-09
* 基金项目： 国家重点研发计划基金项目(2017YFC0804900)；北京市自然科学基金项目（9192009）；北京市科学技术研究院改革发展培育基金项目（PY2020AQ08）；北京市科委基金项目( Z181100009018010)
作者简介： 李杏彩，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为行人交通、交通仿真。
通信作者： 刘少博，博士，副教授，主要研究方向为行人交通、应急疏散和交通仿真。
更新日期/Last Update: 2021-01-08